first draft extended essay

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Knowing how to write a college essay is a useful skill for anyone who plans to go to college. Most colleges and universities ask you to submit a writing sample with your application. As a student, you’ll also write essays in your courses. Impress your professors with your knowledge and skill by using these great essay writing tips.

Prepare to Answer the Question

Most college essays ask you to answer a question or synthesize information you learned in class. Review notes you have from lectures, read the recommended texts and make sure you understand the topic. You should refer to these sources in your essay.

Plan Your Essay

Many students see planning as a waste of time, but it actually saves you time. Take a few minutes to think about the topic and what you want to say about it. You can write an outline, draw a chart or use a graphic organizer to arrange your ideas. This gives you a chance to spot problems in your ideas before you spend time writing out the paragraphs.

Choose a Writing Method That Feels Comfortable

You might have to type your essay before turning it in, but that doesn’t mean you have to write it that way. Some people find it easy to write out their ideas by hand. Others prefer typing in a word processor where they can erase and rewrite as needed. Find the one that works best for you and stick with it.

View It as a Conversation

Writing is a form of communication, so think of your essay as a conversation between you and the reader. Think about your response to the source material and the topic. Decide what you want to tell the reader about the topic. Then, stay focused on your response as you write.

Provide the Context in the Introduction

If you look at an example of an essay introduction, you’ll see that the best essays give the reader a context. Think of how you introduce two people to each other. You share the details you think they will find most interesting. Do this in your essay by stating what it’s about and then telling readers what the issue is.

Explain What Needs to be Explained

Sometimes you have to explain concepts or define words to help the reader understand your viewpoint. You also have to explain the reasoning behind your ideas. For example, it’s not enough to write that your greatest achievement is running an ultra marathon. You might need to define ultra marathon and explain why finishing the race is such an accomplishment.

Answer All the Questions

After you finish writing the first draft of your essay, make sure you’ve answered all the questions you were supposed to answer. For example, essays in compare and contrast format should show the similarities and differences between ideas, objects or events. If you’re writing about a significant achievement, describe what you did and how it affected you.

Stay Focused as You Write

Writing requires concentration. Find a place where you have few distractions and give yourself time to write without interruptions. Don’t wait until the night before the essay is due to start working on it.

Read the Essay Aloud to Proofread

When you finish writing your essay, read it aloud. You can do this by yourself or ask someone to listen to you read it. You’ll notice places where the ideas don’t make sense, and your listener can give you feedback about your ideas.

Avoid Filling the Page with Words

A great essay does more than follow an essay layout. It has something to say. Sometimes students panic and write everything they know about a topic or summarize everything in the source material. Your job as a writer is to show why this information is important.

How to Write The First Draft Of Your Extended Essay

Starting your research.

Many students struggle to write the perfect introduction and methodology, and get stuck for weeks in the process. Your introduction and first draft do not have to be perfect but should form the base of your essay moving forward. It is often good to form a plan from your research that contains the key elements of each paragraph. Once you are confident with this and have filled it in with more research, you can improve on this to make it a perfect draft.

Once you have finalised your RQ, you should plan your research workflow, methodology, and define the scope of your research. We recommend breaking the first draft into several paragraphs, and setting mini-goals to achieve. This will help you to move along faster and make the seemingly daunting task of a 4,000-word essay a lot simpler. For instance, a 300 word introduction, 500 word methodology, would be a good start. Your first draft does not have to be too detailed to begin with. This draft should outline the main variables you will explore and your line of argument. Your research direction may change as your essay develops, so do not worry if it is not perfect when you begin. This is the reason why the first EE reflection requires you to discuss the constraints of your research question and how you adapted your research!

Writing your first draft

Some useful sources of information for your first draft are Google Scholar and JSTOR. Academic sources like these give you access to a wide range of useful material. When reading books or journal articles, you do not have to read them cover to cover! In fact, you should only read the sections that are relevant to your topic, and reading the introduction and conclusion will often tell you whether a journal article is relevant.

Keep your research question in mind when you read external articles, as this will help you to focus your reading on key sections of texts. Alternatively, you could make notes in a separate word document; such as Google Docs; or with pen and paper. It is useful to keep everything you do in the same format, however, so you can easily collate it.

QE TOP TIP:

Make sure you save your extended essay frequently and to an accessible platform such Dropbox or Google Drive so that if your computer were to crash your progress will be stored!

Reviewing your first draft

When you meet your supervisor- be sure to look over your first draft to see which parts are excellent, which can be explored further and which need to be rethought. This can be split over a number of meetings; for example, one for rationale and methodology, then one for the main thesis, the next for antithesis, and finally the conclusion. This will give you clear direction on specific subsections to work on.

Whilst editing your first draft, do not be afraid to delete, reword or move some parts that you have written, as this will help you shape your extended essay into the finished article. You can, if needed, even slightly alter your question and adapt your research to focus on the new question. Whatever changes you have to make, they are all moving you towards a complete final version, so stay positive!

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A Definitive Guide to the IB Extended Essay (EE)

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[ToK/EE] How good should the first draft for my EE be?

I've just started writing my EE in Norwegian Literature, and I see now that I'll only have four-five days to finish my first draft... I think this should be fine in the terms of actually writing down all the paragraphs and conclusions etc, but it'll not be enough time for me to read through the whole of it multiple times and edit a lot before I hand it in to my supervisor... Any experience on how "complete" the first EE draft needs to be?

In addition to hotday75—the idea when submitting a first draft is to realize that the more you submit, the more feedback you’ll be able to receive. Just don’t write text you actually won’t be adding into your final draft just to reach the word count. The more you write, the more suggestions, tips and areas there are to improve on, resulting in an even better EE overall in the end.

It needs to be fully complete because officially it is the only bit of written and analysed feedback you are supposed to get about the EE.So I'd suggest you finish the whole thing

Make it the best you possibly can because this is your base and you’ll only build up from that. I asked my supervisor the same thing and he said the final draft will only be a polished version of my first draft, and you can’t polish shit. (Literally his exact words) I followed the advice and got an A :)

Thanks for the answers! This got me really motivated (especially hearing you got an A lol), may I ask what subject you had your EE in?

To add to what everyone else is saying, it's definitely important that your first draft is as close to a finished essay in terms of content as you can get it, but I wouldn't waste time correcting minor spelling and mistakes. That is easy enough later on, and won't fundamentally change the essay. If you're pressed for time, then things like wording and perfectly concise sentences are also things you should be able to tighten up by yourself. The important thing is that you have a complete essay, and then spend a few hours reading through it and considering if the structure flows, if the arguments are relevant to your thesis, if there are gaps in your argument, if you should change the order of paragraphs or overall structure etc.

but how cool would it be if you knew all of this because of a reddit post and so started way earlier and basically finished by the first draft already. Seriously this stuff is helping so much

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Is It possible to complete an Extended Essay draft in 3 days without taking a break?

By Jabberwocky , August 26, 2011 in Extended Essay

73 members have voted

1. how long did it take you to complete an extended essay draft.

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Daedalus 311

Yeah, I did it in less. In March.

But take it fuc king seriously. Everybody has a panic mode. Mine kicks in about 15 minutes before exams and 4 months after the internal EE deadline, but when it does I work faster than a rabbit having sex.

However, I did mine in biology and had already done all my experiments/measurements, had a research question and written an outline...

I guess it is possible to complete the draft in 3 days, just make sure to stay off the internet!

Yeah, I did it in less. In March. But take it fuc king seriously. Everybody has a panic mode. Mine kicks in about 15 minutes before exams and 4 months after the internal EE deadline, but when it does I work faster than a rabbit having sex.

lol thanks for the encouragement!

Arrowhead 1,134

First of all, reduce the size of your text.

You can easily write a first draft in/under a week. As long as you can get your research component finished, you can write everything out in 2 days (but that's kind of like nonstop writing). Having chosen Film may or may not advantage or disadvantage you. It really comes down to your topic and how confident/happy you are with it. So choose your topic first and research it at breakneck speed and it can be done.

I wrote my draft over the course of three days (pretty sure it didn't do any good for the quality of my work ) However, I did mine in biology and had already done all my experiments/measurements, had a research question and written an outline... I guess it is possible to complete the draft in 3 days, just make sure to stay off the internet!

Was doing a Biology EE easier for you?

Easy to do... but why would you?

It's entirely possible, but I don't know why you'd want to force that kind of stress upon yourself unless you work best under stressful conditions. I hope you've done all your research and have an outline ready, because it's going to take a good several hours of writing, then a few more of editing and finalizing, and you really don't have time for researching at this point anymore. But since you've only got two days left, try writing a few paragraphs, take a little break, then go back to writing and repeat until it's done. Then edit for a few hours. It's going to take most of your next two days. Good luck though.

The Economist 245

Well I certainly believe it is doable to finish an EE draft in less than a month. I was doing mine in Economics and I finished my first draft in 2 days (non-stop writing though with 2 hours of sleep in 48 hours). Writing the EE is always the easiest part. I had my RQ and (almost all of) my research ready and probably this is why I managed to pull it of in 2 days.

I havent even started writing the draft of my Biology EE (still 0/4000 words) but I voted "less than a week" because I already have my results from my experiment, I had a very rough outline of materials and procedure before my experiment, and I've already started to analyze my results, so once I do the actual writing part it should take very little time.

I did mine 3700 words in less than 3 days without a continues work...

Well I guess, because I'm very uncomfortable with languages and the social sciences.

Hope your draft went all right!

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Online Curriculum Centre

Extended essay

Extended Essay: EE Draft Feedback Template for Supervisors

GoogleDoc EE Rough Draft Assessment Template

Extended Essay: Extended Essay- The Basics

The Extended Essay - the Basics

This guide explains the process required to complete the IB Extended Essay - from the initial step of choosing a research topic, through effectively searching for information and organizing your sources to presenting your findings with accurate references and citations.

On this page you can find information on:

What is the Extended Essay? Extended Essay Timeline, Class of 2024 (Due Dates and Assignments) Extended Essay Forms and Contracts - Class of 2024 How to Get Started - the Twelve-step Plan for Researching the EE IB Extended Essay Guide, first exams 2018

Extended Essay Timeline, Class of 2024 (Due Dates and Assignments)

This timeline also applies to students submitting Senior Essays. Completion of an Extended Essay or Senior Essay is required for graduation from West Sound Academy.

February 2 – May 12, 2023

EE grade for Semester 2, 2022-2023, is ¼ credit Pass/Fail grade.

February 3, 2023:

Juniors meet on Project Day for a half day on campus, to do beginning work on their Extended essays with EE Coordinator, 8:20 AM to 12:20 PM. Students will:

February 6-10, 2023

Extended Essay Supervisors assigned

February 13-17, 2023

Initial meeting of students with supervisors (Initial Reflection Session)

March 17, 2023:

Juniors meet on Project Day for a half day on campus, to do continue work on their Extended essays with EE Coordinator, 8:20 AM to 12:20 PM. Students will:

March 20-24, 2023

April 10-14, 2023

Interim Reflection Session with supervisor

Present this assignment either as a calendar or a list of calendar dates, showing your plans by week, starting with May 21 (the last week of Semester 2), going through September 5 (due date for the first complete draft.)

May 8-12, 2023

Check-in meeting with supervisor. Topics:

June - August 2023

Students write first draft of their essays.

Draft must conform to IB Formal Presentation Requirements.

August 21, 2023

Individual student meetings with EE Coordinator at Senior Retreat to discuss the ‘Draft of the draft’ assignment

EE grade for 2023-2024 is ¼ credit letter grade, and is posted to transcript in March, 2024.

September 11-22, 2023

Student revision conferences with supervisors.

October 31 - November 10, 2023

Final Reflection Session (Viva Voce) with supervisor

Extended Essay Forms and Contracts - Class of 2023

Extended Essay Coordinator

What is the Extended Essay?

The extended essay is a required component of the International Baccalaureate® (IB) Diploma Programme (DP).

It is an independent, self-directed piece of research, finishing with a 4,000-word paper.

What is the significance of the extended essay?

The extended essay provides:

Through the research process for the extended essay, students develop skills in:

Participation in this process develops the capacity to analyze, synthesize and evaluate knowledge.

An extended essay can also be undertaken in world studies , where students carry out an in-depth interdisciplinary study of an issue of contemporary global significance, across two IB diploma disciplines.

How is study of the extended essay structured?

Students are supported throughout the process of researching and writing the extended essay, with advice and guidance from a supervisor who is usually a teacher at the school.

The IB recommends that students follow the completion of the written essay with a short, concluding interview with their supervisor. This is known as viva voce.

The extended essay and interview can be a valuable stimulus for discussion in countries where interviews are required prior to acceptance for employment or for a place at university.

How is the extended essay assessed?

All extended essays are externally assessed by examiners appointed by the IB. They are marked on a scale from 0 to 34.

The score a student receives relates to a band. The bands are:

Students are evaluated on five criterion:

However, when your supervisor marks your essay in order to arrive at a predicted grade, the grading will be based on the qualitative grade descriptors for the EE, not a translation of a number score into a letter grade.

Find out how points awarded for the extended essay contribute to a student’s overall diploma score .

Source: International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme website

Twelve-step Plan for Researching the Extended Essay

Open door with stairway - Britannica ImageQuest

1. Choose an available Diploma Programme subject for the extended essay for the session in question.

2. Educate yourself. Read the following materials: the assessment criteria, relevant subject-specific chapter of the Extended Essay guide, the IB's ethical guidelines and other associated policies where relevant, such as those relating to animal experiments

3. Set up the Researcher's Reflective Space (RRS) and use this as the key planning and reflection tool for the extended essay process.

4. Choose a topic and undertake some background reading in it.

5. Formulate a preliminary research question. Try to incorporate an IB command term in the research question if possible.

6. Draw up an outline plan for the research and writing process. This should include a timeline.

7. Begin to identify how and where you will gather source material for your research.

8. Identify which system of academic referencing they will use, ensuring that this meets the minimum requirements for the IB.

9. Set deadlines for yourself that are realistic and take into consideration WSA's internal EE deadlines.

10. Plan a structure for the essay. This may change as the research develops but it is useful to have a sense of direction from the start.

11. Undertake some preparatory reading in light of the proposed research question. NOTE: If you discover that it will not be possible to obtain the evidence needed in the time available, the research question should be changed. This is better done sooner rather than later; do not lose time waiting and hoping that something will turn up. Go back to step 3, 2, or 1, and choose a new research question that can be answered.

12. Carry out the research. The material collected should be assembled in a logical order, linked to the structure of the essay and clearly focused on the research question posed. Only then will you know that you have enough evidence for each stage of the argument so that you can proceed to the next. You should be prepared for things to occasionally go wrong. Sometimes you may discover something later in the research that undermines what you thought had been established earlier. If that happens, your research plan needs to be revised.

IB Extended Essay Guide (first exams 2018)

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Extended Essay on Nineteen EIghty-Four

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1. How is the novel “Nineteen Eighteen-Four” affected by the context of its production in relation to its themes, ideas and intention? Introduction There are many factors which can encourage one to write a text. For example, personal experience, social context, literary influence or commercial purpose. However, a literary work is mostly the outcome of intense contextual background such as personal experiences, literary background and historical context. The effect of context of production can usually be appreciated in the themes and ideas of the text. Not only themes but also motive behind the work might also be sensed through the analysis of the context. Therefore, it would not be sweeping statement to say that context is to a literary work what foundation is to a building. Nineteen Eighty-Four, written by George Orwell, is one of such books which finds it foundation deep in its context of production. There might have been some personal seconds of George Orwell which he felt deserved to be told, which might have provided the model for this novel. Some historical events of his time might have impressed the ideas presented in Nineteen Eighty-Four. Orwell might have had something to tell to us, the readers. In my essay, I am focusing on such reasons, looking at the marks of the events of his life in the novel. I am trying to identify some of the ways in which Orwell could have found the base of the themes and ideas presented in this novel of his. I personally feel that contribution of context in the making of Nineteen Eighty-Four is one of the most important and discussed topics. Not because it talks about the 1948 or 1984 but because it’s about how we live; our existent in the world. It’s about human condition. It contains truth within it which is independent of the boundary of time. Detailed Body ‘Nineteen Eighty Four’ is about a totalitarian empire of Oceania led by Ingsoc, the party that rules in the name of ‘Big Brother.’ World has been divided in the three parts; Oceania being one of them. All the three parts are led by the same sort of government. People’s lives are controlled by the brutal government of Oceania. They are forced to do what government wants. People are made to think what party wants and anyone who goes against it is vanished for ever as if they never existed. It has many other ways of restricting people in terms of their freedom. One of such ways is punishment to those who aren’t loyal to the government. Such people are either vanished completely or thrown to the extreme misery that they bow to the power of Big Brother. Winston’s re-education is a good example. Winston and Julia, after being caught by the thought police, are tortured and re-educated about the party rules. This idea of re-education was an experience Orwell that he mentions in his essay ‘such, such were the joys’. He was sent to a boarding school in Eastbourne at a very young age. It was a called St. Cyprian’s. There he experienced mistreatment and emotional alteration. He was only eight at that time. He has to stay away from his family, giving him a very lonely feeling. Orwell mentions in his essay how hard that time was to him. “Soon after I arrived at St Cyprian's (not immediately, but after a week or two, just when I seemed to be settling into the routine of school life) I began wetting my bed. It is a normal reaction in children who have been removed from their homes to a strange place ………..In those days, however, it was looked on as a disgusting crime which the child committed on purpose and for which the proper cure was a beating...’’ This feeling of solitude might have provided Orwell a model for Winston’s inability to remember about his family. Winston seems to have a guilty feeling about his mother and sister. He finds it difficult remember how she looked. He calls St. Cyprian’s a strange place to tell us how hard it was for him to stay there as a child. He is beaten there again and again which might also be responsible for the rebellion nature of Winston. So, the idea of Winston Smith standing up against the totalitarian empire might have had its substance in Orwell’s St. Cyprian’s days. Winston feels pain in a similar way as Orwell did because of the separation from his family. Winston’s mother died loving him when he was very young and selfish. By the time he realized his fault his mother wasn’t with him which contributes more to the agonising memories of his mother. He continuously feels lack of a company and love in his life as did Orwell in St. Cyprian’s. Thus idea of separation and wistfulness for Winston Smith in Nineteen Eighty-Four must have come from Orwell’s St. Cyprians days. Again one of the very important domineering factors in the Nineteen Eighty-Four is rewriting the history. Winston finds it very oppressive and unjust. Syme, one of Winston’s friends, suddenly is not noticed one day. Winston doubts his existence thinking that Syme might have been vaporised.‘’One of the notices carried a printed list of the members of the Chess Committee, of whom Syme had been one. It looked almost exactly as it had looked before – nothing had been crossed out – but it was one name shorter. It was enough. Syme had ceased to exist: he had never existed.’’It is scary to imagine a world where you are not sure of your existence. Because what you see today, you may not see it tomorrow moreover you would be told that you never saw it and hence there was no yesterday; If there was it has been changed. It also stresses the idea of identity. If Syme had an identity he would have been noticed and people might have asked the questions regarding his absence. Struggle for individual identity and existence is one of the themes of Nineteen Eighty-Four. The roots of this very theme might be found in Orwell’s Spanish days. He went to Spain in 1937 to support the republican side which also had support from British media. He mentions in one of his essays that he was shot through the throat by a fascist sniper.“There seemed to be a loud bang and a blinding flash of light all around me, and I felt a tremendous shock-no pain, only a violent shock, such as you get from an electrical terminal; with it a sense of utter weakness, a feeling of being stricken and shrivelled up to nothing”Here was an English writer, desperately sick, grappling alone with the demons of his imagination in a bleak Scottish outpost in the desolate aftermath of the Second World War. The Idea for Nineteen Eighty-Four had been in Orwell’s mind since Spanish Civil War. Orwell went to Spain with his wife during this period to support the Republican side. However, his life proved to be under threat from the left as well as from the right for the Spanish Communists were now turning on some of their former dishonestly branding them fascist collaborators and executing many of them. Because most of the British magazines which supported republican side accepted Communists’ version of the events, they refused to publish Orwell’s eye-witnessed accounts, a suppression which definitely influenced his conception of rewriting the history in Nineteen Eighteen-Four Therefore from time to time Orwell stresses the idea of existence in the novel because for him in his real life past was killed; it never existed. This important theme of existence can be seen in book within the motifs like one we see in the conversation of O’Brien and Winston - “I think I exist,quot; he said wearily. quot; I am conscious of my own identity. I was born and I shall die. I have arms and legs. I occupy a particular point in space. No other solid object can occupy the same point simultaneously. In that sense, does Big Brother exist?quot; (4) This concept strikes Orwell and Winston a lot of times whether existence of something proves existence of something else. In fact not in Orwell’s life did it happen and nor in Winston’s. Hence the dubious, suppressive and deceptive brought anxiety to him. He doubted even his own existence and so did Winston- ‘I think I exist ’says Winston. It is even scarier to imagine a world where you are not sure of your existence. Because what you see today, you may not see it tomorrow moreover you would be told that you never saw it and hence there was no yesterday if there was it has been changed. For example-‘’One of the notices carried a printed list of the members of the Chess Committee, of whom Syme had been one. It looked almost exactly as it had looked before – nothing had been crossed out – but it was one name shorter. It was enough. Syme had ceased to exist: he had never existed.’’(5) An example of alteration of past in Oceania. Wasn’t it what Orwell worried of when he wanted British media to publish the truth he knew rather than one told by the Communists. How can you make someone forget what one has seen or experienced not before a long time? Orwell felt it quite oppressive and totalitarian – people are not allowed to think what they want, not allowed to cite the history in their own way. In a society where your thoughts are controlled, altered and are erased when needed, Orwell felt highly suppressive and shocking.Also some other evidence s show that Orwell’s experience in the British Government’s Censorship Department gave him insights into bureaucracy and the creation of propaganda which undoubtedly shaped his conception of the Ministry of the Truth in Nineteen Eighty-Four Orwell opposed British involvement in a further European war, which might be an indication for rebellion nature of Winston Smith. But he changed his mind when the Second World War. He contributed the war efforts by joining the Home Guard, writing a portrait of British society and this is where he got this idea of Ministry of Truth in 1984. A look at this motif makes our idea of existence clear 1984 - to prove the Party’s wrong –quot; Who controls the past controls the future: who controls the ... present controls the past,quot; repeated Winston obediently. “Who controls the present controls the past,quot; said O'Brien, nodding his head with slow approval. quot; Is it your opinion, Winston, that the past has real existence?quot; This statement is used several times in the novel. It has a power in it that makes the character feel that they are trapped and their actions are bound with the limitations. Orwell (Winston in 1984) feels it when they are made to believe a truth which isn’t actually true but despite knowing the true truth they can’t do anything. This brings a lot of anxiety to Winston and Hence to its creator, George Orwell. He was desperate put it out in front of the world. He had a rebellion feeling taking birth within his brain and thoughts. Thus he put himself in Winston Smith who lives in same sort of world where history is rewritten. Past is altered and its existence is questioned. In fact, past never existed. As O’Brien asks Winston- ‘’-that the past has real existence?’’. No doubt all the historians would love to claim that except those who exists in Big Brother’s totalitarian society. But Orwell believed that thoughts exist in our brain. One may force you to believe Untruth (Newspeak word) but one can’t look into your brain. They can change the truth on the surface and make you believe it on the surface but they can’t stop your brain thinking of real truth. Hence Orwell always believed in the expression of thoughts as a piece of written art. He had keen interest in writing since his childhood days. Therefore Orwell used his ability as express his own feelings. Thus he came up with the idea of creation of great Nineteen Eighty-Four. Warfare and violence, being one of the most important themes of the Nineteen Eighty-Four, affect the attitude of the characters would adopt. Also it had very important and powerful impact on Eric Blair, as George Orwell was called in his early days, as a child. Therefore Orwell tried to put something of Eric Blair in the minor but informative characters of the novel that is students – Mrs Parsons’ kids. As a schoolboy whose father had gone off to battle, Eric supported the war enthusiastically. He puts exactly this enthusiasm into the kids of Mrs Parsons’ which is clearly depicted by the scene when Winston goes to Mrs Parsons’ flat to fix kitchen sink. He found kids trying to tune with the military music which was issuing from telescreen. This clearly shows how Party had shaped the young generation- always ready for the country with the great enthusiasm for war and military. This was when Mrs Parson’s kid was just nine years old. ‘’Up with your hands! yelled a voice. A handsome tough looking boy of nine had popped up from behind the table and was menacing him(Winston) with a toy automatic pistol, while his small sister, about two years younger, made the same gesture with a fragment of wood.’’(7). They were also dressed in the dresses of spies. Today kids dress like super heroes as they like them and want to be like them. If we take it same way we get to know that kids in Oceania were undoubtedly passionate about war and hence their heroes were spies or thought police. It is really a great shock to imagine Oceania’s condition for a modern reader. Today at the age of seven kids hardly know what a war is. If they did world would have become a terrible place to live in. It was the same for Orwell in his early days. Orwell was afraid of this situation and he thought it might come true in coming future. He was dying while he was writing this book heralding the horrific future. Furthermore kids nag to go and see the hanging. ’’Why can’t we go and see the hanging?’’ roared the boy in his huge voice. ‘Want to see the hanging! Want to see the Hanging!’ chanted the little girl, still capering round. (8) Mrs Parsons children are passionate about death and sufferings. They want to see the hanging. Orwell’s imagination of this world was his biggest fear for the future of the world. How would a country look like with their youngest generation being most violent of all. Orwell wrote the book Nineteen Eighty-Four in that sense to warn us about the future. He had had been to a situation, which he didn’t want us to face. Many motifs and symbols used in Nineteen Eighty-Four are similar to what Orwell was living in between. For example- in 2nd paragraph when following lines appear, ’’It (poster) depicted simply an enormous face, more than a meter wide: the face of a man of about forty-five, with a heavy black moustache and ruggedly handsome features.’’(9) From the minute Big Brother’s (the person in poster) moustache makes its appearance many readers thought right away of Stalin’s and hence tended to carry out the habit of one-to-one analogy from Orwell’s earlier work. Since Animal Farm, which most people were content to read as a straightforward allegory about the melancholy fate of Russian revolution. Big Brother’s face certainly is Stalin’s, just as the despised party’s leader Emmanuel Goldstein’s face is Trotsky’s. In a sense, Nineteen Eighty-Four begins where Animal Farm left us because Orwell’s assumption about 1944 Tehran conference was that Russian, American and British were deciding held that meeting to decide who was going to control which parts of the world after the war. Orwell feared that this was a possibility that world would be divided into power blocs to which totalitarian communist governments would rule, although he referred to an element of parody (10) , indicating that not all the features of the book should be taken literally. Also popular motifs like ‘’BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU’’ and Party slogans such as ‘’WAR IS PEACE, FREEDOM IS SLAVERY, IGNORANCE IS STRENGTH’’ might have been motivated buy the popular posters of that era such as ‘’YOUR COUNTRY NEEDS YOU’’. Understandably, the story’s setting in a world resembling post war Britain led some readers think the book’s target must also include Labour Government of 1945-51. Orwell firmly denied it. The point he consciously intended to make was that totalitarianism was so powerful that even a genuinely constructive movement might be taken over by it. However, some readers have felt that, if Nineteen Eighty-Four is an attack on all kinds of totalitarianism, then it is to put them which targets they choose to apply it to. Accordingly, the book has been used as a political weapon in many countries, with members of different parties accusing each other of putting forward ‘Orwellian’ policies like ‘Big Brother’. Arguably, this is the most valuable dimension of Orwell’s satire. By applying us with a way of naming the totalitarian threat, he has kept people aware of danger and so reduced the likelihood of it coming about. Why Orwell would title his book as 1984? Is there any evidence about it? Orwell's title remains a mystery. Some say he was alluding to the centenary of the Fabian Society, founded in 1884. Others suggest a nod to Jack London's novel The Iron Heel (in which a political movement comes to power in 1984), or perhaps to one of his favourite writer GK Chesterton's story, quot; The Napoleon of Notting Hillquot; , which is set in 1984. Another reason Orwell may have chosen quot; 1984quot; as the time period when life in Oceania was as he described it was to alert people to the fact that it wasn't too far in the future that such a totalitarian system could be set up. Part of what makes quot; 1984quot; so much more powerful than most futuristic novels is that everything he says in it is credible. People can relate to it. In his edition of the Collected Works (20 volumes), Peter Davison notes that Orwell's American publisher claimed that the title derived from reversing the date, 1948, though there's no documentary evidence for this. Davison also argues that the date 1984 is linked to the year of Richard Blair's birth, 1944, and notes that in the manuscript of the novel, the narrative occurs, successively, in 1980, 1982 and finally, 1984. There's no mystery about the decision to abandon quot; The Last Man in Europe’’. Orwell didn't choose the title quot; 1984quot; until after he'd finished writing the book. While he was working on it he had quot; The Last Man In Europequot; in mind but his publisher didn't like that title and so Orwell changed it to quot; 1984’’(11). Orwell himself was always unsure of it. It was his publisher, Fred Warburg who suggested that Nineteen Eighty-Four was a more commercial title. These are all the possible evidence I could find to reason the motive behind the creation of this beautiful art but there are many more and there will be many others. Orwell gave the reason why he wrote in his famous essay ‘’Why I write’’ –‘’The Spanish war and other events in 1936-37 turned the scale and thereafter I knew where I stood. Every line of serious work that I have written since 1936 has been written, directly or indirectly, against totalitarianism and for democratic socialism, as I understand it. It seems to me nonsense, in a period like our own, to think that one can avoid writing of such subjects. Everyone writes of them in one guise or another. It is simply a question of which side one takes and what approach one follows. And the more one is conscious of one's political bias, the more chance one has of acting politically without sacrificing one's aesthetic and intellectual integrity.’’(&£$) Orwell wrote quot; 1984quot; for us, the future, in the hope we would recognize the signs and symptoms of tyrannical world government and prevent its establishment in our world. Let's make sure he did not write in vain.(12) Amrendra Mishra Word Count-3,216

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