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Ethnic groups

Settlement patterns, demographic trends.

People of Nepal

Nepal: Ethnic composition

The large-scale migrations of Asian groups from Tibet and Indo-Aryan people from northern India , which accompanied the early settlement of Nepal, have produced a diverse linguistic, ethnic, and religious pattern. Those with Indo-Aryan ancestry, especially the Pahāṛī (including the Chhetree, the Brahman-Hill, and others), have enjoyed great prestige in Nepal for centuries, and the ruling families have been of Indo-Aryan and Hindu background. Most of the Tibeto-Nepalese groups—the Tamang , Rai , Limbu , Bhutia (including the Sherpa ), and Sunwar—live in the north and east, while the Magar and Gurung inhabit west-central Nepal. The majority of the famous Gurkha contingents in the British army have come from the Magar, Gurung, and Rai groups. A third set of ethnic groups, which includes the Newar and the Tharus , are believed to have settled Nepal before the Tibetan and Indo-Aryan migrations. The Newar, who have largely adopted Indo-Aryan and Hindu customs, retain significant influence in Nepal, especially in the Kathmandu valley.

The principal and official language of Nepal is Nepali (Gorkhali), spoken in the Tarai and the mid-mountain region. Nepali belongs to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European family. There are a number of regional dialects found in the Tarai and mountain areas. The languages of the north and east belong predominantly to the Tibeto-Burman family. These include Magar, Gurung, Rai, Limbu, Sunwar, Tamang, Newari, and a number of Bhutia dialects, including Sherpa and Thakali. Although Newari is commonly placed in the Tibeto-Burman family, it was influenced by both Tibeto-Burman and Indo-European languages .

Nepal: Religious affiliation

In Nepal a vast majority of the population is Hindu , but a small percentage follows Buddhism or other religious faiths. Hindus and Buddhists tend to be concentrated in areas where Indian and Tibetan cultural influences, respectively, have been dominant.

Nepal: Urban-rural

Almost all Nepalese live in villages or in small market centres. Outside of Kathmandu, there are no major cities. Smaller urban centres (Birātnagar, Nepalganj , and Birganj) are located in the Tarai along the Indian border, and Pokharā is situated in a valley in the mid-mountain region. In addition, a few townships—such as Hitaura, Būtwal, and Dharān—have begun to emerge in the foothills and hill areas, where economic activity has developed.

Nepal: Age breakdown

Nepal is a young country , with more than three-fifths of the population under 30 years of age. The birth rate is about the same as the world average, while the death rate is lower than the world average. Life expectancy is 70 years for men and 72 years for women.

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Nepal Unity in Diversity

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As we all know that Nepal is worldwide known as the only Hindu Nation and it is a matter of Pride to all Nepali’s living in the Country and to those too who have migrated to another Country for Business, Work and other related reasons.

I my-self being a ‘Nepali’ had to stay out of Nepal from my childhood for Better Education and better living, This is the reason i don’t know much detail about NepaliSamaj and other cultural History’s of this Great Land.

Many of us who stay in other country are called as Nepalese but when i came back home, I have learned that Nepalese are for people who stay in Nepal such as people from India are called Indians.

As my days past in Nepal i came through many people who are Nepalese but they also have a sub-caste for e.g., Magar, Tamang, Sherpa, Newar, Gurung and many such more who share equal rights.

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In one line they are called as “Indigenous Nationalities” of Nepal. As per the last decade sensex came to know that Magar’s are the maximum habitants living in all over Nepal. I was happy to know this as I, myself belong to Magar sub-caste. Further to my knowing i came across places where there were churches and mosques and Gurudwara’s made and I also saw people going to these holy places to worship. At first I was astonish to find these holy places located in Nepal but then I could also figure that we are no more living in 20th Century but have widened are vision’s and respect other religions too….

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After all it is a matter of individual choice whether he prefers to practice his religion by birth or he wishes to convert.

I do understand how difficult it is to except the facts but I also feel that Nepal is growing and the public awareness about respecting each other’s religion is must. The conclusion of my article ends with one line which we have already studied in our respective schools “UNITY IN DIVERSITY”. “unity without uniformity and diversity without fragmentation”[5] that shifts focus from unity based Unity in diversity (also commonly rendered as united in diversity) is a concept of on a mere tolerance of differences towards a more complex unity based on an understanding that difference enriches human interactions. “Unity in diversity” is a popular motto within and among nation states, and also in political and social movements.

The idea and related phrase is very old and dates back to ancient times in both Western and Eastern Old World cultures. The concept of unity in diversity was used “in non-Western cultures such as indigenous peoples in North America and Taoist societies in 400-500 B.C.E. In pre-modern Western culture it has been implicit in the organic conceptions of the universe that have been manifest since the ancient G physical, cultural, linguistic, social, religious, political, ideological and/or psychological reek and Roman civilizations through medieval Europe and into the Romantic era.

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Nepal Unity in Diversity

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How to Write a Diversity Essay | Tips & Examples

Published on November 1, 2021 by Kirsten Courault . Revised on July 22, 2022.

Table of contents

What is a diversity essay, identify how you will enrich the campus community, share stories about your lived experience, explain how your background or identity has affected your life, frequently asked questions about college application essays.

Diversity essays ask students to highlight an important aspect of their identity, background, culture, experience, viewpoints, beliefs, skills, passions, goals, etc.

Diversity essays can come in many forms. Some scholarships are offered specifically for students who come from an underrepresented background or identity in higher education. At highly competitive schools, supplemental diversity essays require students to address how they will enhance the student body with a unique perspective, identity, or background.

In the Common Application and applications for several other colleges, some main essay prompts ask about how your background, identity, or experience has affected you.

Why schools want a diversity essay

Many universities believe a student body representing different perspectives, beliefs, identities, and backgrounds will enhance the campus learning and community experience.

Admissions officers are interested in hearing about how your unique background, identity, beliefs, culture, or characteristics will enrich the campus community.

Through the diversity essay, admissions officers want students to articulate the following:

Think about what aspects of your identity or background make you unique, and choose one that has significantly impacted your life.

For some students, it may be easy to identify what sets them apart from their peers. But if you’re having trouble identifying what makes you different from other applicants, consider your life from an outsider’s perspective. Don’t presume your lived experiences are normal or boring just because you’re used to them.

Some examples of identities or experiences that you might write about include the following:

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Include vulnerable, authentic stories about your lived experiences. Maintain focus on your experience rather than going into too much detail comparing yourself to others or describing their experiences.

Keep the focus on you

Tell a story about how your background, identity, or experience has impacted you. While you can briefly mention another person’s experience to provide context, be sure to keep the essay focused on you. Admissions officers are mostly interested in learning about your lived experience, not anyone else’s.

When I was a baby, my grandmother took me in, even though that meant postponing her retirement and continuing to work full-time at the local hairdresser. Even working every shift she could, she never missed a single school play or soccer game.

She and I had a really special bond, even creating our own special language to leave each other secret notes and messages. She always pushed me to succeed in school, and celebrated every academic achievement like it was worthy of a Nobel Prize. Every month, any leftover tip money she received at work went to a special 509 savings plan for my college education.

When I was in the 10th grade, my grandmother was diagnosed with ALS. We didn’t have health insurance, and what began with quitting soccer eventually led to dropping out of school as her condition worsened. In between her doctor’s appointments, keeping the house tidy, and keeping her comfortable, I took advantage of those few free moments to study for the GED.

In school pictures at Raleigh Elementary School, you could immediately spot me as “that Asian girl.” At lunch, I used to bring leftover fun see noodles, but after my classmates remarked how they smelled disgusting, I begged my mom to make a “regular” lunch of sliced bread, mayonnaise, and deli meat.

Although born and raised in North Carolina, I felt a cultural obligation to learn my “mother tongue” and reconnect with my “homeland.” After two years of all-day Saturday Chinese school, I finally visited Beijing for the first time, expecting I would finally belong. While my face initially assured locals of my Chinese identity, the moment I spoke, my cover was blown. My Chinese was littered with tonal errors, and I was instantly labeled as an “ABC,” American-born Chinese.

I felt culturally homeless.

Speak from your own experience

Highlight your actions, difficulties, and feelings rather than comparing yourself to others. While it may be tempting to write about how you have been more or less fortunate than those around you, keep the focus on you and your unique experiences, as shown below.

I began to despair when the FAFSA website once again filled with red error messages.

I had been at the local library for hours and hadn’t even been able to finish the form, much less the other to-do items for my application.

I am the first person in my family to even consider going to college. My parents work two jobs each, but even then, it’s sometimes very hard to make ends meet. Rather than playing soccer or competing in speech and debate, I help my family by taking care of my younger siblings after school and on the weekends.

“We only speak one language here. Speak proper English!” roared a store owner when I had attempted to buy bread and accidentally used the wrong preposition.

In middle school, I had relentlessly studied English grammar textbooks and received the highest marks.

Leaving Seoul was hard, but living in West Orange, New Jersey was much harder一especially navigating everyday communication with Americans.

After sharing relevant personal stories, make sure to provide insight into how your lived experience has influenced your perspective, activities, and goals. You should also explain how your background led you to apply to this university and why you’re a good fit.

Include your outlook, actions, and goals

Conclude your essay with an insight about how your background or identity has affected your outlook, actions, and goals. You should include specific actions and activities that you have done as a result of your insight.

One night, before the midnight premiere of Avengers: Endgame , I stopped by my best friend Maria’s house. Her mother prepared tamales, churros, and Mexican hot chocolate, packing them all neatly in an Igloo lunch box. As we sat in the line snaking around the AMC theater, I thought back to when Maria and I took salsa classes together and when we belted out Selena’s “Bidi Bidi Bom Bom” at karaoke. In that moment, as I munched on a chicken tamale, I realized how much I admired the beauty, complexity, and joy in Maria’s culture but had suppressed and devalued my own.

The following semester, I joined Model UN. Since then, I have learned how to proudly represent other countries and have gained cultural perspectives other than my own. I now understand that all cultures, including my own, are equal. I still struggle with small triggers, like when I go through airport security and feel a suspicious glance toward me, or when I feel self-conscious for bringing kabsa to school lunch. But in the future, I hope to study and work in international relations to continue learning about other cultures and impart a positive impression of Saudi culture to the world.

The smell of the early morning dew and the welcoming whinnies of my family’s horses are some of my most treasured childhood memories. To this day, our farm remains so rural that we do not have broadband access, and we’re too far away from the closest town for the postal service to reach us.

Going to school regularly was always a struggle: between the unceasing demands of the farm and our lack of connectivity, it was hard to keep up with my studies. Despite being a voracious reader, avid amateur chemist, and active participant in the classroom, emergencies and unforeseen events at the farm meant that I had a lot of unexcused absences.

Although it had challenges, my upbringing taught me resilience, the value of hard work, and the importance of family. Staying up all night to watch a foal being born, successfully saving the animals from a minor fire, and finding ways to soothe a nervous mare afraid of thunder have led to an unbreakable family bond.

Our farm is my family’s birthright and our livelihood, and I am eager to learn how to ensure the farm’s financial and technological success for future generations. In college, I am looking forward to joining a chapter of Future Farmers of America and studying agricultural business to carry my family’s legacy forward.

Tailor your answer to the university

After explaining how your identity or background will enrich the university’s existing student body, you can mention the university organizations, groups, or courses in which you’re interested.

Maybe a larger public school setting will allow you to broaden your community, or a small liberal arts college has a specialized program that will give you space to discover your voice and identity. Perhaps this particular university has an active affinity group you’d like to join.

Demonstrating how a university’s specific programs or clubs are relevant to you can show that you’ve done your research and would be a great addition to the university.

At the University of Michigan Engineering, I want to study engineering not only to emulate my mother’s achievements and strength, but also to forge my own path as an engineer with disabilities. I appreciate the University of Michigan’s long-standing dedication to supporting students with disabilities in ways ranging from accessible housing to assistive technology. At the University of Michigan Engineering, I want to receive a top-notch education and use it to inspire others to strive for their best, regardless of their circumstances.

In addition to your main college essay , some schools and scholarships may ask for a supplementary essay focused on an aspect of your identity or background. This is sometimes called a diversity essay .

Many universities believe a student body composed of different perspectives, beliefs, identities, and backgrounds will enhance the campus learning and community experience.

Admissions officers are interested in hearing about how your unique background, identity, beliefs, culture, or characteristics will enrich the campus community, which is why they assign a diversity essay .

To write an effective diversity essay , include vulnerable, authentic stories about your unique identity, background, or perspective. Provide insight into how your lived experience has influenced your outlook, activities, and goals. If relevant, you should also mention how your background has led you to apply for this university and why you’re a good fit.

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Nepal: A Land of Diversity

Albeit being a small country sandwiched between two larger ones, Nepal has the most colorful divergence as divergence come. With varying land topography all differing from one another to the very differences in the cultures the people follow, Nepal is a hotspot for marvelous visits. The eyes can feast upon various natural sites which are beautiful and soul-inspiring, and then the rest of our body can then proceed to enjoy the vibrant culture and people Nepal has to offer.

Diverse is a term used in this context not only for a limited subject; when calling Nepal “a land of Diversity”, it is applied to almost every aspect the country is bound to. With three regions, all different in climate and vegetation- to the economy and the lifestyle of the people, Nepal has the offerings of being in the stage where one embraces the new modern era of fast paced developmental works on different fields, and yet still not losing the melancholic touch of the rich history the country is founded upon.

“We are a single Garland of a hundred different flowers”, this is one of the verse of our National Anthem, and what’s a better way to describe the ethnicity of all people living within the country in peace and harmony, each with their own unique traditions and customs, their own festivals and their own legends and lore, than to remember our roots and the abode where our hearts lie. With one hundred and twenty five languages spoken in the country, Nepal is no less than any other when it comes to hospitality bestowed to people who visit, where the experience of being filled with brilliant travel places with exciting history and a sundry array of local culture and myriad eminence in diversity.

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Nepal - Unity and Diversity

Sanjog pandey

Sanjog pandey

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The word Unity refers wholeness, harmony, solidarity and peace whereas diversity refers to variety or diversification. Unity in diversity refers to the idea of diversity as a unifying principle, rather than uniformity. Hence, unity in diversity means all indigenous living in a country being one, maintaining their respective diversities. Unity is based on tolerance of physical, cultural, social aspects. Unity is a non-violent thought which helps to maintain the brotherhood and sisterhood among all the people.

Why Nepal is regarded as a country with Unity in Diversity?

Nepal is a multi-cultural, multi-racial, multi-linguistic and multi-ethnic country.It is a country with Indigenous Nationality. Nepal can be regarded as a culturally rich country. It has been a home to people of different ethnic groups, religion, culture etc. It consists of different language and culture which has been creating a rich and unique culture. The national identity of Nepal has been dependent on the cultural and ethnic diversity. The unity in diversity of Nepal has been considered as a important national heritage which has to be maintained and strengthened. The concept of unity in diversity was accepted by the state after the unification of Nepal by the late King Prithvi Narayan Shah. There is a saying in Nepali “Nepal 4 Jaat 36 barna ko sajha fulbari ho” which means that (Nepal is a home to the people of 4 castes and 36 sub-castes).

With the advancement of the modern society these words have been retain in the society as tolerance, peace and harmony. Although Nepal has been a Hindu state for 2 centuries, it has been offering equality and inclusion of every caste, ethnic group, religion, dialect, culture, and belief. People residing in Nepal have been speaking 126 language. Nepal is a multi-religious country in the world so different ethnic groups live with their own way of religious practice, lifestyle, language, culture, tradition and spirit. Nepal has number of a religious groups, they have been living in peace and harmony. There is not any record of religious conflict in Nepal. All Nepalese have respected the national feeling of unity in diversity. People of Nepal consider Diversity as their identity and unity as their specialities which have been maintaining the peace in the country. Similarly, willingness to accept feelings, habits, or beliefs that are different from your own is known as tolerance. It is a fair, objective, and permissive attitude toward opinions, beliefs, and practices that differ from one’s own.

Importance of Unity in Diversity in Nepal

As we all know that Nepal is a very small country. But people of many religion, caste etc are residing here, So for the proper development and for maintaining peace inside the country we all need to stay together, if there is the feeling like non-tolerance, enmity among the people there will occur different conflicts in which many people may lose their family, friends, houses etc from which we all will bear a great loss. So it has been taking great importance in the country. There is greater need of unity in diversity for a country like Nepal, where more than 125 indigenous and 123 dialects are found. Nepal has tremendous social, lingual, cultural, traditional and religious diversities. It is essential for peace and prosperity to maintain unity among them without hurting our unique characteristics.This feature of diversity has made our country unique and rich in its own way. Every language, custom, culture, tradition, religion and nationality that we have is our national strength, beauty, and wealth.

What can the people do to preserve the Unity in Diversity in Nepal?

It is the duty of every citizen to give equal priority to the people even though they are of different religion. We all are human we all know that, The things like religion, caste etc are just the state of mind which is making the people far from each other. If we understand this then there will be no conflict regarding caste, religion. We should try to protect and promote them as they are. It is paramount important that unity is maintained without compromising diversity. By maintaining unity, cohesiveness and harmony in our diversity, we can take benefit from each others’ skill, knowledge, and expertise and make our country richer, stronger and more viable.

As a citizen of Nepal all people all the people should Preserve and promote the cultural and religious heritages. We need to maintain and strengthen the religious tolerance in the country. We should develop Mutual respect between all components of Nepalese population, people should march forward collectively for peace, prosperity and happiness of the nation. If we maintain the peace, harmony and the sense of brotherhood between the people Nepal will reach a new stage of development from which the poor people and other people will be benefited.

At last we need to know that if there is Unity in Diversity in the country, it will be peaceful otherwise it will be full of conflict and enmity. Do the people know why in every school, colleges etc the class starts with the national anthem? It’s because our national anthem includes the unity of Nepal which teaches every student from their childhood that unity means peace from which conflict will vanisha and only peace will remain. In this busy world also if someone is ill or dead all the people gather around and help each other which shows the unity of the country. All the people should know that if they will help one person in a trouble they will help in their trouble. So the Unity in Diversity is helping for the peace maintenance in the small country like Nepal.

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Last Updated 17 Aug 2022

Multiculturalism in Nepal

Nepal is a country consisting of multi-lingual, multi-religious and multi-ethnic society. The Nepal Federation of Indigenous Nationalities (NEFIN) noted 59 distinct cultural groups as Janajati. (NEFIN: 2005). They are found in different ecological regions, 18 groups in the mountain, 23 groups in the Hill, 7 groups in the inner Terai and 11 groups in the Terai. The Central Bureau of Statistic (CBS) could record only 41 Janajati groups with their population size and the population size of other 17 groups is not available (Dahal, 2001).

The 1992 census identified 29 castes in the Terai, 29 in the Hill and only 2 in the Mountain as their origin (K.C, 1995). The 2001 census listed 103 groups, technically only 100 groups are identified and 3 groups have not been identified yet (Dahal, 2001). In 2011 census listed 130 ethnic group 125 only identified 5 groups are not identified (NPHC 2011)Nepal is a country of multicultural, multireligious, Multilanguage, multicasts backward, low castes dalits and ethnic groups.

The traditional socio-cultural practices in Nepalese society have developed in a rigid hierarchical structured by caste. Among the different casts of Nepal Tharu is also an indigenous ethnic cast who has lived in the lowlands of Nepal for centuries. Tharu is a tribe who is living in the southern part of Nepal ie. Terai region of Nepal. Their origion is not clear. According to the myths and oral tradition, the Rana Tharu claimed to be of Rajput origin and have migrated from the Thar Desert to Nepal’s Far-western Terai region. Tharu people farther east claim to be descendants of the Sakya and Koliya people living in Kapilvastu. The word Tharu is thought to be derived from Sthair meaning follower of the Theravada Buddhisim.The Tharus are recognized as an official nationality by the government of Nepal.

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Tharu Families worked under the system of bonded Labour known as Kamaiya which existed in Nepal Since the 18th century following the unification of Nepal when members of the rulling elite families of Terai received landgrants in those region and were entitled to collect revenue from those who cultivated the land.In 1854, Junga Bahadur Rana ,the then Nepalese Prime minister enforced Muliki Ain 1910 which classied both Hindu and non hindu casts based on their habits of food and Drinks. Similarly ancient King Jayasthiti Malla had also divided the people on the basis of the work. The Tharu people were categorized under Baishya or Paani Chalne Masinya Matwali together with several other Alcohol drinking ethnic minorities.

Tharu are the indigenous groups of Nepal. They are actually the official tribe of Nepal.Mostly found in Terai region of Nepal .Tharus are rich in culture, tradition, rites and and rituals which they perform from birth to death. They follow the Hinduism and worship different hindu festivals. Tharu are mostly live to make an own big community. They have a great feeling of brother hood, cooperation and love. They never leave the support, care of the people of their society. They are more loyal and concern about their culture. Most of the Tharu in our country follow Hinduism.

They celebrate many festivals with lots of Joy. Most of the Tharu of Nepal are engaged in Agriculture. They mostly live in rural areas but with the development of the country, they began to live in urban area. In this modern age, Tharu are engaged in every activities. Binod Chaudhary is the Nepal’s top most businessman who also comes from Tharu Community has done incredible work in Nepal indicates that Tharu people are marching forward in development with other Caste.

According to census 2011, about 6.6 % of the people fall into the Tharu Baishya or Paani Chalne Masinya Matwali together with several other Alcohol drinking ethnic minorities categories including Tharu, Chaudhari, Majhi, Thandar ect. Such typesof caste are found all over the Nepal in the Terai region including east to west.The origin of caste system is believed to be India. The caste stratification of the Indian society has its origin in the ‘Chaturnabarna’ system. According to Chaturnabarna system, the Hindu society was divided into mainly four Verna namely the Brahmins, the Kshetriyas, the Vaishya and the Shudras.

The Verna system, which was prevalent during the Vedic period, was mainly based on the division of the labor and occupation. The caste system has its origin in the Verna system. The present caste system can be said to be degenerated from the original Verna system (Rao; 1999). During the later part of the fourteenth century, King Jayasthiti Malla promised the caste system. He divided the existing caste system into four castes based on occupation.

In the beginning of modern period of Nepalese history, King Prithvi Narayan Shah said that Nepal is common garden of all four Varnas and thirty-six castes. This shows that the races of diverse origin have inhabited the land of Nepal. Similarly, in 1910 B.S., King Surendra Shah classified the caste as Paani Chalne Masinya Matwali.

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    essay on diversity in nepal

  6. Essay on unity in diversity in nepal

    essay on diversity in nepal

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  1. Nepal

    The large-scale migrations of Asian groups from Tibet and Indo-Aryan people from northern India, which accompanied the early settlement of Nepal, have produced a diverse linguistic, ethnic, and religious pattern. Those with Indo-Aryan ancestry, especially the Pahāṛī (including the Chhetree, the Brahman-Hill, and others), have enjoyed great prestige in Nepal for centuries, and the ruling ...

  2. Nepal Unity in Diversity Free Essay Example

    “ Nepal Unity in Diversity ” Get custom paper NEW! smart matching with writer Many of us who stay in other country are called as Nepalese but when i came back home, I have learned that Nepalese are for people who stay in Nepal such as people from India are called Indians.

  3. How to Write a Diversity Essay

    To write an effective diversity essay, include vulnerable, authentic stories about your unique identity, background, or perspective. Provide insight into how your lived experience has influenced your outlook, activities, and goals. If relevant, you should also mention how your background has led you to apply for this university and why you’re ...

  4. Diversity: Nepal A Land of Diversity & culture heritage

    Nepal: A Land of Diversity Albeit being a small country sandwiched between two larger ones, Nepal has the most colorful divergence as divergence come. With varying land topography all differing from one another to the very differences in the cultures the people follow, Nepal is a hotspot for marvelous visits.

  5. Nepal

    Nepal is a multi-cultural, multi-racial, multi-linguistic and multi-ethnic country.It is a country with Indigenous Nationality. Nepal can be regarded as a culturally rich country. It has been a home to people of different ethnic groups, religion, culture etc.

  6. Multiculturalism In Nepal Essay Example

    The traditional socio-cultural practices in Nepalese society have developed in a rigid hierarchical structured by caste. Among the different casts of Nepal Tharu is also an indigenous ethnic cast who has lived in the lowlands of Nepal for centuries. Tharu is a tribe who is living in the southern part of Nepal ie. Terai region of Nepal.