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Why is drug abuse in Kashmir skyrocketing among the youth?
In June 2020, police claimed to have busted a Pakistan-sponsored narco-terror module by arresting three Lashkar-e-Toiba terrorist associates and confiscating 21 kg of heroin and Rs.1.34 crore in cash in the Handwara area of Jammu and Kashmir’s Kupwara district. | Photo Credit: NISSAR AHMAD
They see it as an escape from the uncertainty and trauma of living in a conflict region.
It was the summer of 2016. Hizbul Mujahideen commander Burhan Wani had been dead for some time, but protests in Kashmir swelled with each passing day. The scarred faces of Kashmiri men, women and children littered news spaces worldwide, furnishing grim proof of the repression with which the mourners of the young insurgent had been met. “The pellets rushed in all directions, like a torrent of lava,” recalled Jehangir (name changed to protect identity). “It didn’t hit only the protesters. It hit everyone.”
Being stuck in Kashmir at that time was to be stuck in a relentless nightmare. A vicious cycle of injuries and death. Helplessness. Fear of the pellet guns, ironically called “non-lethal” but able to blind people who were hit in the eye.
There was a great felt need to transmute and forget the personal and collective pain. Jehangir, then an eighth grader at a higher secondary school in Palhallan in north Kashmir, hated the direction his life had taken and wished he could change it. When a couple of friends told him about cannabis and its power to blur the distinction between the real and the imagined worlds, he initially rebuffed them. But as hartals continued and forlorn afternoons became impossible to pass in solitary confinement, he succumbed to temptation.
Today, as Kashmiri society see-saws between denial and acknowledgement, the drug menace, say experts, is assuming frightening proportions in the restive Himalayan region. Consignments make their way from across the border swiftly and often go undetected. There is overwhelming suspicion of complicity of the police and even of the Army, but this is next to impossible to prove.
A recent report by the National Drug Dependence Treatment Centre in AIIMS revealed that over six lakh people in Jammu and Kashmir are victims of drug abuse. The patient-intake records at the Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IMHANS) Srinagar, a premium rehab facility, attests to the problem’s spiralling nature. While 489 drug abusers reported into the facility in 2016, the number grew exponentially to 7,420 in 2019. In 2020, it dropped to 3,536, but that is attributed to the COVID-19 lockdown. Ninety per cent of the drug users are in the 17-33 age group.
Jehangir, who underwent treatment at a rehabilitation facility in Srinagar between 2019 and 2020, described his experience as a cycle of acute guilt followed by recurring trauma for which cannabis seemed the only remedy. “We plucked flowers from ‘charas’ plants, rubbed them between our palms, mixed them with cigarettes and smoked up.” Then, with some hesitation, he admitted, “My friends were right. It instantly de-stressed me.” It did not take him long to become addicted and when, a couple of months later, the charas cultivation season was over, he and his friends frantically searched for peddlers and eventually found them in adjoining Zaspora and Nehalpora villages.
“The cigarettes came in a packet of 30, it cost us Rs.2,000,” Jehangir said. Initially, he would get the money from his parents on the pretext of buying books or reference material. Later, he badgered his siblings and cousins and sometimes borrowed from friends. When he exhausted all his sources, he stole from his mother’s savings.
There seems to be a firmly entrenched corridor for illegally routing drugs from Pakistan to Kashmir and from there to the rest of India, prompting political observers to coin the term “narco-terrorism”. Interactions with a handful of officials in the security apparatus and researchers tracking the drug menace in Kashmir gives one the sense that Keran village in Kupwara in the northern tip of the Himalayan valley serves as the conduit for drug racketeers. From Keran, the consignments reach Rajouri border and then Jammu, from there they travel to the Indian mainland.
There are frequent seizures of consignments coming from Pakistan. According to Jammu and Kashmir police data, 36.08 kilograms of pure heroin and 49.7 kilograms of brown sugar were recovered from different parts of Kashmir in 2020. But experts fear this is only the tip of the iceberg.
A senior official in the Srinagar district administration, who spoke on the condition of anonymity, said that militancy in Kashmir is “90 per cent financed by the narcotic trade”.
The money involved is huge. Consider this: One gram of heroin is available for Rs.1,200-1,500 in Kupwara, but in Srinagar peddlers charge Rs. 2,500-3,000 for it. A de-addiction specialist based in Srinagar who has interacted with hundreds of peddlers and abusers over the course of two decades told Frontline that there are “invisible forces rationalising poppy cultivation”.
In September 2021, an NIA charge sheet filed in a narco-terrorism case revealed that operatives of terror outfits such as Lashkar-e-Taiba and Hizbul Mujahideen were behind the Jammu and Kashmir drug trade.
“One gram of heroin costs Rs.1,200-1,500 in Kupwara, but in Srinagar it is Rs. 2,500-3,000.”
The prospect of quick money is a major trigger. This reporter learnt about a scuffle between an orchard owner and his sons living in Qazigund over poppy cultivation. While the father was content with the earnings coming from the family’s orchard, his sons were adamant to replace the trees with poppy. “We will make 1,000 times more money,” one of the sons remarked.
But heroin coming from Pakistan remains the primary source for peddlers, whose numbers have mushroomed by the day.
THE MOVE TO PEDDLING
As Jehangir’s network of friends widened, he was introduced to heroin. Dr Muzaffar, who heads the Police Control Room’s drug rehab centre in Srinagar, says that earlier the graduation from cannabis to heroin was gradual; now, most patient say they started with heroin.
By the time 2017 dawned, reminisced Jehangir, the civilian protests were all but over. But with the Central government embarking on “Operation All Out” or a “kill-all militants” strategy to eradicate terrorism, Kashmir waded into more mayhem: cordon and searches, grisly encounters, mammoth funeral processions. But he and his friends did not care as long as they had heroin. The drug was pulling beguiled teens to Sangam, 30 km south-east of Palhallan.
They would sneak into an isolated house on the city’s edges. Its windows were thickly curtained. Both and girls gathered there. Some of them appeared confused and nervous. Others were more confident. The host sprinkled a small quantity of a white powder into a chocolate wrapper. He then lit a flame beneath it and a puff of smoke leaped into the air.
Jehangir said initially these sessions were for free, but as he and his friends grew addicted to heroin, they started to be charged: Rs.2,500 a smoke. Soon left penniless, he found himself in secluded alleys after dark, passing on envelopes to youths his age.
Jehangir’s transition into a peddler, says Dr Yasir Rather, a professor of psychiatry at IMHANS Srinagar, is not unusual. “Addiction is rampant. Addicts becoming peddlers to secure a cash flow is also rampant.” According to him, the increasing crime graph in Kashmir may be linked to the spike in heroin abusers, with users turning to burglary and even murder in their desperation for the drug. A female administrator at IMHANS said some patients confessed that they had forced or beaten their wives to sell jewellery for their drugs.
TIDE OF MISERY
Dr Yasir says the tidal wave of uncertainty that defines a conflict region as well as growing financial distress are the major causes for the drug menace in Kashmir. “In the pre-conflict era, between 1980 and 1990, the total number of patients taking psychiatric treatment in Jammu and Kashmir was 10,000. Of them only 189 came for substance abuse. Most were abusing cannabis. Only a few working in the tourism sector, who had an interface with foreigners, were into heroin. Now this has spread like an epidemic.”
As militancy peaked in early 1990s, people shifted from cannabis to medicinal drugs such as benzodiazepine and codeine, before heroin became the main draw in the past decade.
Substance abuse in Kashmir is intricately linked to mental health issues. There is, therefore, an immediate need for stakeholders to provide relief, rehabilitation and social reintegration for affected people. But drug users face social stigma, beginning in their own families. Syed Mujtaba, a mental health rights lawyer in Srinagar, shared an anecdote about a teenage drug abuser whose father beat up his mother, accusing her of not raising him well. According to Mujtaba, mental healthcare must be integrated into general healthcare and the police must be sensitised to deal with abusers.
“Substance abuse in Kashmir is intricately linked to mental health issues.”
There have been harrowing cases of withdrawals and sudden deaths across Kashmir. HIV is also suspected to be spreading as intravenous drug users often recycle needles.
A patient at a rehab facility of Shri Maharaja Hari Singh Hospital in Srinagar, who underwent treatment in 2019, gave an account of how he withdrew. “It was a cousin’s wedding. We had gone to our ancestral village in Pattan. We were a group of seven or eight boys. The top floor of the house was reserved for us. In a secluded room, we started a midnight party: first the whiskey, then cannabis. And then heroin.” But as excitement peaked, his muscles cramped. His skin crawled. He was soon drenched in sweat and he collapsed. “Till 1 p.m. the next day, I was unconscious. My friends bathed me three times and concocted one excuse after another to explain my absence.”
He was lucky that he survived. In Kashmir, there has been a spate of unexplained, sudden deaths due to overdosing but in most cases, the families are loath to believe it. Even hospitals certify these deaths as caused by cardiac arrest to save the deceased’s kin from ostracism, said a de-addiction specialist.
The Valley is a troubled place today, in more ways than one. And compassionate solutions are required.
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Kashmir reader, drug addiction: a threat to the future of kashmir.
By Guest on 1:52 am June 12, 2020 No Comment
Azhar Ud Din
Drug addiction is considered as a neurobiological disease. When a person becomes a drug addict it is very hard for him to spend a day without taking the drug. Drugs that are the main cause of addiction are heroin, opium, morphine, inhalants, brown sugar, cocaine, diazepam, marijuana (ganja), hash oil, etc. After petroleum and arms, the drug trade is the third largest business in the world. It is estimated in a report of the United Nations (2017) that about 25.5 million people in the world are suffering from drug use disorders. Kashmir is also moving rapidly towards this vice. It is estimated from a survey conducted by the United Nations Drug Control Program (UNDCP) that there are approximately 70,000 people in Kashmir who are drug addicts, among whom 4,000 are females. It is important to mention here that the rate of drug addiction in Kashmir is continuously increasing among students, both males and females. The director of the Drug De-addiction center Srinagar, Dr. Muzaffar Khan, has said that “the trend of drug abuse is on the rise among school children as we have registered many such cases, where students of Class IX to XII are involved.” Thus, the main pillars of the future of Kashmir are being destroyed by drug addiction. Youth play a vital role in the development of a society and they are the economically most productive and biologically most reproductive part of society. A report of the Government Psychiatric Hospital of Kashmir revealed that most of the drug addicts in the valley are youths. The rate of increase of drug addiction is so high in the valley that experts and academicians are warning that after one generation lost to bullets, another may be lost to drugs. Naqshbandi in his paper “Drug addiction and youth of Kashmir” interviewed 270 young Kashmiri people in the age group of 16-30 years in different districts. His findings revealed that conflict and unemployment were the main reasons for drug addiction among the youth. As we know Kashmir is one of the most militarised conflict zones of the world. The turmoil of the past many years has caused depression and psychological problems among a vast number of people here and due to this depression, many people have found drugs to be the only solution to get rid of stress. Another important reason for drug addiction in Kashmir is unemployment. As we know that competition in terms of employment is increasing because of growing population and lack of resources. In other countries the private sector offers adequate opportunities to the youth but in Jammu and Kashmir government jobs are the only option. However, it is impossible to absorb all the youth in the government sector. Bad company or peer pressure is also considered as one of the reasons for drug addiction. The study by Mushtaq et al, ‘Changing socio-demographic and clinical profile of substance use disorder patients in Kashmir Valley 2004’, revealed that about 78 percent of drug addicts have turned to drugs due to peer pressure and bad company. Many studies have suggested that drug addiction begins with smoking, which is considered as a fashion among the youth. It is the need of an hour that the pace of this drug abdication should be reduced. In order to curb this problem the first and foremost step which the government of Jammu and Kashmir has to take is strict action against drug peddlers, opioid cultivators, and chemist shops that sell psychotropic medicines. Another important responsibility is of parents and teachers. Instead of scolding their wards who have become addicted to drugs, they have to deal with them with love and patience. They should try to increase the morale and confidence of drug addicts that they can shun this vice. Parents should also consult professional interventionists to help find the real cause of stress and ways to manage it. NGOs, government, schools and colleges should regularly organise programmes and seminars to make aware students and the general masses about the repercussions of drug addiction. Job opportunities should also be increased so that unemployment does not become a cause for depression and stress. It is essential to eradicate the roots of drug addiction, so that the future of Kashmir can be saved.
The writer is a student of Geography at AMU.
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Drug Addiction in Kashmir: Issues and Challenges
Sajad Ahmad Bhat and Nasheed Imtiaz
Drug abuse is the patterned and chronic use of a drug in which the person consumes the drug in amounts or by ways which are very hazardous and harmful for him and others. According to WHO “substance abuse is persistent or sporadic drug use inconsistent with or unrelated to acceptable medical practice” The present paper is theoretical in nature and aims at high lightening the Issues and challenges faced by youth involved in drug addiction in the Kashmir valley of Jammu and Kashmir. According to a report published by United Nation, Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) around 70 thousand people are drug addicts alone in the Kashmir division among them approximately 31% are women. The youth is particularly involved in drug addiction as reported by Government Psychiatric Hospital Srinagar around 90% drug abusers belong to the age group of 17-35. The states circumstances from last two decades were considered by most people have contributed to various kinds of social and political issues including drug addiction. The lot number of youth has turned to drugs who have directly or indirectly affected by the turmoil in the state, but this is not the only reason behind this epidemic because there are other reasons as well, as reported by different studies that have been conducted in the state. Unemployment, relationship problems are naming a few. There are different measures taken by state government to eliminate this curb, including the J&K Police Department running a number of drug De-Addiction centres in the Kashmir valley.
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Journal of Drug Abuse Open Access
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Review Article - (2017) Volume 3, Issue 3
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Drug Addiction in Kashmir: Issues and Challenges
Sajad Ahmad Bhat 1 * and Nasheed Imtiaz 2
1 Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
2 Department of Psychology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India
Corresponding Author:
Sajad Ahmad Bhat PhD Research Scholar Department of Psychology Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, India 202002 Tel: 7889620674 E-mail: [email protected]
Received date: September 04, 2017; Accepted date: September 15, 2017; Published date: September 22, 2017
Citation: Bhat SA, Imtiaz N (2017) Drug Addiction in Kashmir: Issues and Challenges. J Drug Abuse Vol.3 No.3:19
Drug abuse is the patterned and chronic use of a drug in which the person consumes the drug in amounts or by ways which are very hazardous and harmful for him and others. According to WHO “substance abuse is persistent or sporadic drug use inconsistent with or unrelated to acceptable medical practice” The present paper is theoretical in nature and aims at high lightening the Issues and challenges faced by youth involved in drug addiction in the Kashmir valley of Jammu and Kashmir. According to a report published by United Nation, Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) around 70 thousand people are drug addicts alone in the Kashmir division among them approximately 31% are women. The youth is particularly involved in drug addiction as reported by Government Psychiatric Hospital Srinagar around 90% drug abusers belong to the age group of 17-35. The states circumstances from last two decades were considered by most people have contributed to various kinds of social and political issues including drug addiction. The lot number of youth has turned to drugs who have directly or indirectly affected by the turmoil in the state, but this is not the only reason behind this epidemic because there are other reasons as well, as reported by different studies that have been conducted in the state. Unemployment, relationship problems are naming a few. There are different measures taken by state government to eliminate this curb, including the J&K Police Department running a number of drug De-Addiction centres in the Kashmir valley.
Drug abuse; Drug addiction; Kashmiri youth
Introduction
Individuals begin to use drugs with varied choices. Some people use drugs to relieve some medical condition but continue to use them after the medical condition is over. Some people who feel depressed begin to use the drug to self-medicate and get addicted to it. Sometimes a traumatized event or a relationship issue lead a person to drugs. Some other people use the drug to escape from the pressures of life or to experience the pleasure of drugs or to compliance with the peer group compatibility to have a different view of the world around them. This voluntary initiation into the world of addictive drugs has strongly influenced society’s view of drug abuse and drug addiction and their treatment.
There is no fine line to draw a distinction between Drug abuse and Drug Addiction or when does drug abuse become drug addiction. Drug abuse and Drug can be thought of as point along a continuum. Abnormal and inappropriate use of mind altering drugs when prescribed or over the counter is Drug Abuse but when it becomes Drug addiction is not much clear because different people reach drug addiction at different stages. The on-going scientific investigation is aimed at knowing the factors that contribute to this transitive period of drug abuse and drug addiction. Drug Addiction, on the other hand, is defined as the continued compulsive use of use of drugs in spite of their adverse health, social and emotional consequences. Once a person becomes addicted to drugs he loses his control over drug use and often become isolated from family and friends. They may also face difficulty at work and sometimes lead them to commit crimes and involve with Criminal Justice system. For a drug addicted person, persistent use of drugs is the primary focus in life and once the drug stops the person will have cravings, person’s intense and strong desire for the drugs. Our physiological mechanism generates these cravings to maintain a state of equilibrium that relies now on these drugs. These cravings have a physiological mechanism as they stimulate the area of the brain (amygdala) that controls the emotional memory in addicted persons as shown by PET scans done on an addicted person. A drug addict can experience a state of craving at any stage of drug addiction or abuse.
A drug to which a person becomes addict does not merely impair the person’s cognitive skills and behaviour but also permanently damage certain abilities depending on the amount of a dose. Experts believe that certain changes due to the addictions disappear shortly after drug use while certain anomalies remain permanent. One of the first changes in the brain that may occur in response to repeated drug abuse is tolerance. Tolerance develops when a person requires a higher amount of drug to reach that leave of pleasure or a state of alteration of consciousness that he achieved previously through lower doses of drugs.
In addition to this impairment of brain, Drug addiction also makes people vulnerable to other health risks. For example, inhalant abusers are at higher risk of Heart problems like disruption of heart rhythms. Often Drug Addicts consume and inject drugs in a group for better experience also put them at higher risk of contracting HIV virus due to contaminated needles used in a group. Also, there are higher incidences of Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C among Drug addicts than the general population.
Drug Abuse spoils a number of human lives and also destroys the golden periods of life. As on 2012, 183000 drug related deaths have been reported and that figure corresponds to a mortality rate of 40.0 deaths per million among the population aged 15- 64. In 2012 it was appraised that between 162 million and 364 million people about 3.5% and 7.5% of world population aged between 15-64 have used an illicit drug belonging to cannabis, opioid, cocaine or amphetamine type stimulant group at least once in a previous year (World Drug Report 2014 [ 1 ]). According to this Report, only one among six problem abusers has access to treatment related facilities or received de-addiction or detoxification services.
The overall global scenario is that people generally consider cannabis most little illicit harmful drug, there has been a considerable increase in a number of cannabis users seeking treatment for cannabis use disorders in last ten years particularly in Americas and Europe. As for as the question of injecting drug use are concerned United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (UNODC) [ 1 ], the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), the World.
Bank and the World Health Organization (WHO), providing the recent data available that people injecting drugs is 12.7 million 0.27% of the population aged between 16-64. The problem of injecting drugs is predominantly prevalent in Eastern and South Eastern Europe where the rate is as high as 4.6 times higher as the global average. The sharing of injecting needles makes these people vulnerable to HIV and Hepatitis C. It is estimated that 13.1% of the abusers who inject drugs are diagnosed HIV positive.
Drug Addiction in Kashmir
Kashmir has been through the two decades of turmoil that resulted in an increase of psychiatric illness and psychosocial disturbances. A number of psychiatric problems have emerged like Depression, OCD, PTSD, Drug Addiction, etc. As long as the problem of drug addiction in Kashmir is concerned it has observed that this conflict ridden region has a tremendous rise in substance abusers over the past decade. United Nations Drug Control Programme (UNDCP) reported that around 70000 people are drug addicts in the Kashmir valley alone among which 4000 are females. Several studies conducted in the valley revealed that youth particularly between the age group of 17-30 involved in this menace of drug addiction. Government Psychiatric Hospital only mental health hospital in the valley in one of its report stated that most numbers of drug addiction cases belong to a very young generation. The director of Drug De-addiction center Srinagar Dr. Khan [ 2 ] stated that “the trend of drug abuse is on the rise among school children as we have registered many such cases, where students of Class IX to XII are involved with drugs”. A renowned psychiatrist in Kashmir Dr. Maqgoob and Dutta [ 3 ] in one their book has reported that around 2.11 lakh drug addicts are in Kashmir valley. The common Substance used by Drug Addicts in Kashmir are Cannabis, Brown Sugar, Heroine, SP tablets, Anxit, Alprax, Inhalants like Fevicol, SR solution, Thinner, Shoe Polish, Paint varnish and dirty socks are used as substances. The alarming rate of this menace in Kashmir leads the academicians and experts to comment that “We have lost one generation to bullets and we may lose another generation to drugs”.
Margoob and Dutta [ 3 ] in one of their study conducted in the year 1993 stated that most drug addicts were males and mainly their substance of addiction is Cannabis.
Naqshbandi [ 4 ] in his paper “drug addiction and youth of Kashmir” interviewed 270 young Kashmiri people between the age group of 16-30 in different districts of Kashmir. His findings revealed that Conflict and unemployment were the mains reasons of drug addiction among the youth. Several studies had shown that 80% of drug addicts get this addiction before the age of 30 years. Another study conducted with related to awareness of drug addiction among college students in Kashmir valley shows that majority of students believe that people started to take drugs in the age group of 20-30 [ 5 ]. The study further revealed that smoking often acts as a door way to drugs or at least a starting point. This study conducted by Bhat et al. [ 6 , 7 ] further revealed that above 90% don’t have any awareness regarding the drug De addiction process and only 8% know about the drug de addiction center in Srinagar, Kashmir.
In another important study conducted by Mushtaq et al. [ 8 ] reported that about 90% drug abusers are poly abusers. The poly abuser is one who takes two or more drugs at a given period of time, for example, a person who is taking cannabis also taking alcohol or Heroine or any other drug. They also reported that the period of initiation of the drug is between the ages of 11- 20. Peer Pressure has been summated as the main reason of drug addiction with 78% drug addicts revealed that they have turned to drugs due to peer pressure while relief from negative or seeking pleasure is also reported as a cause of drug addiction.
To curb this menace and diminish this horrific picture of substance abuse [ 9 ]. The J&K Police have taken an initiative by conducted awareness programs in three districts of Kashmir Srinagar, Baramulla and Anantnag. These awareness programs lead the J&K Police to establish drug de addiction center at Police Control Room Srinagar [ 10 ]. According to the reports of Drug de addiction and rehabilitation center Srinagar, the total numbers of patients seen in the OPD from February 2008 to December 2016 is 15294 and were diagnosed with ICD 10 [ 11 ]. Among the 15294 patients 472, were diagnosed as alcohol abusers, 1359 as Opioid abusers7860 as cannabis abusers, 352 cocaine abusers, 1080 as benzodiazepines users, 460 volatile abusers and 3741 were poly drug abusers. The drug de addiction center [ 12 ] is managed by a Clinical psychologist, Psychiatrists, de addiction Social workers, Counsellors, medical officers, and yoga trainer. The center admits a person for detoxification and rehabilitation only after his motivation and proper medical check-up. Usually, a patient is admitted for the period of 3 or 4 weeks. According to center’s IPD report, a total number of 1332 patients has been rehabilitated among which 90 were alcohol abusers, 235 opioid abusers, 275 cannabis abusers, 222 benzodiazepines abusers, 25 cocaine abusers, 165 volatile substance abusers and 330 patients were multiple abusers.
The daily routine at the center for patients includes group sessions on weekends, morning sessions, recreational activities like singing, dancing, etc., evening sessions and detailed review of medical, psychological and social interventions. In the late evening, the medical round is conducted followed by supervised medication and the day ends with dinner. Two more drug de addiction center was also working under the Police supervision on the same pattern in other two districts of Kashmir Valley viz. Drug De-addiction and rehabilitation center Baramulla and Anantnag.
In addition to this J&K Police has also made efforts to stop the trafficking of drugs within the valley. With regarding this J&K Police has seized 2574 kg of Cannabis and its derivatives11, 000 bottles and 17,000 tablets of psychotropic prescription drugs were seized in 2013 and in 2014, a total of 282 persons were arrested by J&K police under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substance Act, 1985.
This griming picture of drug abuse in the Kashmir valley [ 13 , 14 ] has put a lot of challenges for the people of the valley in general and for Government agencies, Non-Governmental Organisations in particular. The biggest challenge is the illegal trafficking and sale of drugs within the valley to which police and general have an important role to play. Some recent reports suggest that there is a large number of Opioid cultivation going on in Kashmir that makes it more readily available for consumption and others psychotropic medicines are also easily accessible. With full public support and cooperation, Police can work more efficiently towards this menace. The other challenge is the limited facilities available for rehabilitation of drug addicts. More drug de addiction centres are needed to rehabilitate the victims. Lack of awareness about both Drug Addiction and the process of detoxification and rehabilitation is also a challenge. Government Agencies, Educational institutes NGO’s and other social work institutes need to educate people especially young generation about this problem. The awareness on the part of Parents and caretakers is also an issue to tackle so that they can detect this problem as early as possible and they can provide immediate help to the person. A large amount of the literature suggests that enhancing a victim’s social support and inculcate in him or her some positive behaviours can help him get rid of this menace. Drug Addicts often feel isolated and sense of alienation, so providing them certain kind of social and moral support help them and make them more empowered to get over this problem.
- United Nations Office on Drugs and Crime (2014) World Drug Report.
- Khan M (2011) Drug addiction in Kashmir. Physicians Academy.
- Maqgoob MA, Dutta K (1993) Drug abuse in Kashmir - experience from a psychiatric diseases hospital. Indian J Psychiatry 35: 163.
- Naqshbandi MM (2012) Drug addiction and youth of Kashmir. Int NGO J 7: 84-90.
- Bhat BA, Manish K, Mushtaq S (2013) Smoking patterns among people in Jammu region of Jammu and Kashmir State. IIOAB. 4: 36-39.
- Bhat BA, Bhat AR, Wani MA, Nusrat A (2016) Drug addiction awareness among university students of Kashmir valley, communicated.
- Bhat B, Rahi S, Sidiq M (2017) Awareness of drug addiction among college students of Kashmir valley. Int J Med Sci Pharma Res 1: 1-14.
- Mushtaq AM, Majid H, Zaid Y, Yasir Z, Irfan I, et al. (2004) Changing socio-demographic and clinical profile of substance use disorder patients in Kashmir Valley. JK Pract 11: 14-16.
- Nadeem A, Rubeena B, Agarwal V, Piyush K (2009) Substance abuse in India. Pravara Med Rev.
- Farhat S, Hussain SS, Rather YH, Hussain S (2015) Socio-demographic profile and pattern of opioid abuse among patients presenting to a de-addiction center in tertiary care hospital Srinagar. J Basic Clin Pharm 6: 94-97.
- Mushtaq AM, Majid AB, Dhuha M, Murtaza I, Abbas Z, et al. (2004) Thin layer chromatography (TLC) in the detection of current nature of drug abuse in Kashmir. JK Pract 11: 257-260.
- Rather HY, Bashir Y, Sheikh AA, Marya A, Zahgeer AY (2013) Socio-demographic and clinical profile of substance abusers attending a regional drug de-addiction centre in chronic conflict area: Kashmir, India. Malays J Med Sci 20: 31-38.
- Pirzada MA (2013) The delusion of pleasure: Understanding the pathology of drug abuse in Kashmir valley. Int J Pharm Sci Invention 2: 1-10.
- Wani I, Singh B (2017) Mental health and cannabis abusers of Kashmir valley. J Psychol Psychother 7: 2.
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Kashmir fast turning into drug addiction hotspot
Data available on drug abuse in kashmir is ‘tip of very large iceberg, say experts.
Drug menace is fast emerging as the most daunting challenge, for the society and for the administrative apparatus, to be tackled in Kashmir as it continues to spread like wild fire with each passing day. Even if there is no statistical data available to show the exact number of drug addicts in the Valley, there is, however, enough obtainable and circumstantial evidence to confirm the huge surge in it over the years.
The local newspapers are witness to the unprecedented rise in drug menace as news reports, stories, police accounts, administrative warnings etc are a daily affair on one or the other page. The accounts are mostly chilling and disappointing and draw a clear picture about drug seizures, arrests of the paddlers besides stories about the victims.
A few years ago, a report published by the United Nation Drug Control Program (UNDCP), had revealed that around 70,000 people, including 4000 women, in Kashmir were addicted to drugs. Experts say that the situation has aggravated even further since that report came into the light. While as Government Psychiatric Diseases Hospital (GPDH) statistics show that 90 percent of the abuses belong to the 17-35 age groups, the definitely runs through all ages.
A panoramic view of this issue can be obtained from the fact that just five years ago about 500 people used to visit the de-addiction center of Government Medical College in Srinagar annually for treatment and rehabilitation purposes. But the number has gone, astonishingly, ten times up in past five years. Furthermore, the official figures available to ‘Kashmir Images’ suggest that more than two thousand drug addicts visited the Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (IMHANS) for treatment, detoxification, and rehabilitation purposes from April to November last year.
Even this number may not be correct and the problem can be much larger if experts are to be believed when they say that all drug victims do not show up for the treatment, neither are all cases reported due to the social stigma attached to the menace.
Pertinently, there are many Drug De-addiction centers established across the Valley including a major one, run by the Jammu & Kashmir police, in Srinagar.
A number of doctors and social workers have dedicated themselves to serve in this regard in terms of helping the addicts to overcome the menace and start their lives afresh. The Law Enforcement agencies are also playing their part in handling the situation and taking measures to curb the surge.
However, unfortunately, all these efforts seem lacking something fundamental as the results aren’t really encouraging and the spread of drug addiction is picking up pace rather than slowing down. Those who are working to help drug addicts to overcome the addiction say that the phenomena cannot be controlled without addressing the underlying reasons for it. They believe unemployment, poverty, prevailing political uncertainty and other such issues that ultimately give rise to anxiety, depression and frustrations, form the basis for most of the drug addicts and without addressing these issues one should not expect encouraging results.
‘Kashmir Images’ spoke with several experts regarding the matter and here are the excerpts:
Haneefa Akhtar (Name changed) Mother of a drug victim, South Kashmir
It was two years ago when I first came to know that my younger son was involved in drug abuse. A neighbour informed me about it. I immediately believed the information as it took me just a moment to recall how my son’s behaviour had changed quite recently. He would sleep most of the time and was getting aggressive day by day. After listening to my neighbour, I rushed to narrate the unfortunate news to my elder son and two daughters at home. It was like everything started crumbling around us. At that time he was not at home. When he came, I took him to a separate room and asked if he really was using any drugs. Instead of responding to my question he started fighting and urging me to tell him the name of the person who had informed us about this. A few days later, we also came to know that he was involved in medicinal drug substances, as well. I was told about a medical shop where he apparently would get these medicines. I went to that shop, but the person at the shop denied it.
One evening, my son was found sleeping or unconscious, in a nearby orchard due to overdose. We took him to the hospital where the doctor suggested that we take him to a drug de-addiction center at Srinagar.
However, it was not easy to bring him to the city. We begged to him for allowing us to take him for treatment. Meanwhile, he stole some valuables at home to buy drugs. We helplessly would see him getting destroyed day by day. I started going to the doors of ‘Pirs and Fakirs’ (faith healers) crying for spiritual help. However, nothing changed. I was losing my son. One day I went to his room pleading, weeping, and falling at his feet for his cooperation to get him treated at some hospital. Seeing me in this condition, my son started crying. By then he too had probably started feeling that he was ruining his life. He hugged me and told me the whole story, which I do not want to share.
Finally, we took him to a drug de-addiction center at Srinagar, where he was admitted but the next day my son ran away from the hospital. To cut a long story short, we started his treatment again at another drug de-addiction center, a few weeks later. This time he stayed there. He recovered.
These days he is getting well. Time has healed him but sometimes I feel he is a changed person. He remains quiet most of the time. Earlier he used to talk and play with his sisters and would visit the relatives, but now he is confining himself to home. However, I am satisfied. At least he is out of danger now and in front of me.
Dr. Muzaffar Khan Director, Police Drug De-addiction Center, Kashmir
As far as my experience and understanding of the issue is concerned, the drug-addicted people can broadly be categorized into three groups.
One group consists of those who have been inclined towards drugs due to their adventurous nature and are of the thrill-seeking behaviours, who want excitement in their lives. They are hyperactive, more curious, and more adventure-seeking. These children are basically intelligent but, unfortunately, have gone down a wrong path. I believe if they would have been provided with enough stimulation in terms of an environment of sports and other positive activities, they would have not turned to the drugs.
Another group has fallen into drug abuse while trying to get rid of day-to-day life stresses. They have negatively adopted drugs as a coping strategy and then fallen into the trap. Such kids basically lack life skills and assertiveness. They do not know how to tackle and solve problems. They are mostly unable to share their feeling with others. Our traditional family structure that used to be there would provide confidence and positive vibration to such youngsters. Unfortunately, we have lost that traditional family system.
The third group is of those who have become drug addicts due to their innocence and ignorance. Many of these victims have been told by the paddlers that drugs would help them build their body in the gym and give them enough confidence to face routine life difficulties.
That said, we as a society are facing a grave problem in terms of surge in drug abuse. We all must play our role to overcome this problem. First, we have to make sure that all the drug addicts are detoxified and rehabilitated. Simultaneously, we have to make sure that the rest of the youth is saved to fall into the trap of drugs.
First of all, we need to come out of denial. I remember when we first started the drug de-addiction center in 2008; nobody would believe that we have a drug menace here. Even the media did not cooperate with us, initially.
We must have a mass awareness campaign about drug abuse in our society and people need to support it. But it is not happening. I have been knocking at the doors of the schools, asking them to allow us to have awareness and training sessions with their teacher so that they will be able to keep an eye on the students and respond properly in case they find any student involved in drug abuse. However, schools do not cooperate. They say their students are safe. I must tell you that it was only Delhi Public School, Srinagar, which invited us to have a training session with their teachers.
We as a society must understand the gravity of the problem and play a constructive role to handle it.
Dr. Mohammad Maqbool Dar (Psychiatrist & head of Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences (IMHANS), Kashmir)
The raging conflict is one of the major causes of the surge in drug abuse in Kashmir. It is a proven fact that the drug menace is one of the offshoots found at the places marred with enduring conflicts. People at such places are always vulnerable to psychiatric problems such as depression, anxiety, panic attacks, and so on. Since all of these sufferers do not get timely or proper treatment, many of them, mostly youngsters, find drug substances as a short-term remedy to cope up with these mental health issues. Then some of them get addicted to the level that it becomes almost impossible for them to give it up. Instead, they achieve a tolerance to these substances and then they increase the doses.
This is how most drug addicts fell into the trap. Sadly, until recently, our chemists would provide pharmaceutical medicines including those that could be used as a substance, without a proper prescription. Now the practice has been stopped but it has made a lot of damage in the past and many people have become drug addicts due to the easy access to these pharmaceutical products.
Availability of drugs, be it any kind, is one of the key reasons for the increase in drug addicts. For instance, at some point in the past, nobody would drink alcohol in the Valley, because of the simple reason that it was not available here. Since it is easily available a large number of people consume it now.
As far as the availability of the drugs in Kashmir is concerned, I do not know where they come from. But I can say without an iota of doubt that there is a large scale supply of drugs available here. I say this because a number of addicts are brought to us for treatment and rehabilitation on daily basis.
Change in lifestyle and family structure has also contributed to the rise in drug addiction. Earlier, we had a joint family culture, where people would find many helping hands to cope up with depressions and anxieties. In those days, kids would feel happy and vibrant in the company of their grandparents and other elders in the family. Now everything has changed. While growing up to the teenage their depression gets accumulated and then many of them fall prey to the drugs. Even some of the drug peddlers have been caught outside the schools while luring the students into buying drugs.
Lastly, I would say that we as a society need to pay heed to our spiritual health. Unfortunately, we are always after the money and materialistic things, forgetting our spirituality. We must understand that spiritual health is the most important part of our overall health.
Dr. (Prof) Syed Amin Tabish (Medical Scientist, Researcher, Author and former Medical superintendent of SKIMS)
In modern terminology, drug abuse is referred to as ‘substance use disorder’. Be it anywhere, it is not an easy issue. It is really a grave problem because it has several dimensions and risk factors for the whole society.
Scientists say that forty to sixty percent of predisposition to addiction is attributed to genetics. Others acquire it from the community in terms of peer pressure factors and so on.
The modern age is much prone to drug addiction for so many reasons. One of these reasons is that the child-parent relationship has deteriorated with the changing social values and lifestyles of the people.
Earlier parents would always be available to guide their children on routine life difficulties. However, now most of the parents go out for work and leave their children behind unattended. Today’s children lack parental supervision. Both parents and kids spend most of the time with their mobile phones and other gadgets. As the result, the child-parent relationship has deteriorated.
This is one of the reasons why many of our youngsters fall prey to drugs. We do not have statistics about the exact number of these victims because no study has been done in this regard. However, as per a rough estimate, there are more than one lakh people into the drugs. All cases are not reported because of the social stigma attached to drug abuse. I would request people that they should not shame these off tracked people. In some cases, even the family does not support them to get treated and rehabilitated. I frequently say that every father whose son has slipped to the drugs should become like film actor Sunil Dutt, who stood behind his drug-addicted son Sanjay Dutt like a rock and left no stone unturned to get him out of the mess. Once a person becomes addicted to drugs, he or she should be treated as a patient, not a criminal. These people deserve the love and care of their families and community.
In the context of the present scenario about drug abuse in Kashmir, several things need to be done immediately. Firstly, the drug victims should be provided support by their families and society. Secondly, mass education and awareness about the issue should be provided to the people and thirdly, more de-addiction centers should be established.
Lastly, I would say that the law enforcement agencies have an important role to play in this whole situation. They can prevent the supply and transportation of the drugs, provided they work sincerely.
Dr. Sajad Ahmad Bhat Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology Govt Degree College, Sopore
Several issues about drug addiction in Kashmir have been found and highlighted over the years and a lot of attention has been given to the number of drug abusers and to the different types of drugs they use. It is now confirmed that cannabis along with other substances and stimulants are the most commonly used drugs here.
We have various answers to the question of why a particular person engages in drug addiction but we have few answers to the question that how they get access to these drugs?
While working as a ‘mental health therapist’ with an NGO, a few years ago and later as a research scholar, I have analysed the issue thoroughly. Even it has been the subject of my Ph.D. thesis. In my work, I particularly focused on the various means of access that these victims use to get the drugs. I found that most of them are the victims of peer group compliance. While during the interaction with many drug addicts, I realised that most of them started taking drugs because one of his or her friends was using them. Initially, they consumed just for recreational purposes, which later turned into drug addiction. There are also many other reasons for the addiction, I am afraid that the poverty and growing unemployment, and above all the situation caused by the Covid pandemic is going to disproportionately affect the poorest by making them more vulnerable to drug addiction.
Qurat-Ul-Ain Masoodi Chairperson ‘Aash -the hope of Kashmir’ (NGO)
A surge in drug addiction cases in Kashmir has become a great challenge to our society. Since my organisation is dealing with drug abuse-related issues and providing counseling to the drug-abuse victims, besides I have been a member of the State Mental Health Board, I can tell you that drug-addiction is one of the most significant and urgent issues facing our society today.
Not only that the lives of these youngsters who have fallen prey to the drugs are at stake, but their families are also crumbling down. I have seen numerous victims struggling with this issue. For instance, I have seen a mother of a teenage girl struggling to help her daughter get rid of the drug addiction. This 16-year-old girl was addicted to the extent that she would take an injection in front of her mother. This family had a strange story. The father of the girl was a drunkard and perhaps a drug paddler too. His partner had made the girl addicted to the drugs. There are many such instances to show how drug abuse ruins not only the individuals but the families too.
I think the government has to play a major role in curbing the drug menace. An important question that needs to be answered is how these drugs are available so easily that such a large number of people are falling prey to them. Why the government is not dealing with the paddlers and sellers with an iron hand?
Public awareness campaigns and seminars are important but it is not all that has to be done to curb the drug menace. The most important thing that the government should do is stop the availability of the drugs in the market.
It is a fact that the government has not done enough to tackle the issue of drug abuse. Even no large scale study has been carried out to know the exact number of the drug abuse victims and gauge the gravity of the situation.
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Essay on Drug Addiction | Drug Addiction Essay for Students and Children in English
February 15, 2021 by Veerendra
Essay on Drug Addiction: Addiction refers to the harmful need to consume substances that have damaging consequences on the user. Addiction affects not just the body but also on the person’s mental health and soundness of mind. Addiction is one of the most severe health problems faced around the world and is termed as a chronic disease. A widespread disorder ranges from drugs, alcohol addiction to gambling, and even phone addiction.
You can read more Essay Writing about articles, events, people, sports, technology many more.
One of the most unfortunate yet common addictions that affect millions today is drug addiction. Also referred to as substance – use disorder, it is the addiction to substances that harm neurological functioning and a person’s behavior. The essay provides relevant information on this topic.
Long and Short Essay on Drug Addiction in English for Students and Kids
There are two essays listed below. The long essay consists of 500 words and a short essay of 200 words.
Long Essay on Drug Addiction in English 500 words
Drug addiction, also known as substance–use disorder, refers to the dangerous and excessive intake of legal and illegal drugs. This leads to many behavioral changes in the person as well as affects brain functions. Drug addiction includes abusing alcohol, cocaine, heroin, opioid, painkillers, and nicotine, among others. Drugs like these help the person feel good about themselves and induce ‘dopamine’ or the happiness hormone. As they continue to use the drug, the brain starts to increase dopamine levels, and the person demands more.
Drug addiction has severe consequences. Some of the signs include anxiety, paranoia, increased heart rate, and red eyes. They are intoxicated and unable to display proper coordination and have difficulty in remembering things. A person who is addicted cannot resist using them and unable to function correctly without ingesting them. It causes damage to the brain, their personal and professional relationships. It affects mental cognition; they are unable to make proper decisions, cannot retain information, and make poor judgments. They tend to engage in reckless activities such as stealing or driving under the influence. They also make sure that there is a constant supply and are willing to pay a lot of money even if they are unable to afford it and tend to have erratic sleep patterns.
Drug addiction also causes a person to isolate themselves and have either intense or no food cravings. They stop taking care of their hygiene. Drug addiction affects a person’s speech and experience hallucinations. They are unable to converse and communicate properly; they speak fast and are hyperactive. Those addicted have extreme mood swings. They can go from feeling happy to feeling sad quickly and are incredibly secretive. They begin to lose interest in activities they once loved. Substance abusers also undergo withdrawal symptoms. Withdrawal symptoms refer to the symptoms that occur when they stop taking the drug. Some withdrawal symptoms include nausea, fatigue, and tremors. They stop and starting using again, an endless cycle that could be life-threatening. Drug addiction can be fatal if not treated timely. It can cause brain damage and seizures as well as overdose, heart diseases, respiratory problems, damage to the liver and kidneys, vomiting, lung diseases, and much more.
Though chronic, treatment is available for drug addiction. Many techniques are used, such as behavioral counseling, medication to treat the addiction, and providing treatment not just for substance abuse but also for many factors that accompany addiction such as stress, anxiety, and depression. Many devices have developed to overcome addiction. There are rehabilitation centers to help people. After treatment, there are numerous follow-ups to ensure that the cycle does not come back. The most important is having family and friends to support the effect. It will help them build confidence and come over their addiction.
The United Nations celebrates International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking on the 26th of June. Drug addiction impacts millions and needs to be treated carefully to prevent further harm to the individual and letting them live a better life.
Short Essay on Drug Addiction in English 250 words
Drug addiction refers to taking substances that are harmful to our bodies. They cause changes to a person’s behavior as well. Many people take these drugs to feel happier and better about themselves. These dangerous substances make the brain produce a chemical that makes us happy, called dopamine. Producing large amounts of these causes the person to take the drug consistently.
Some of the drugs include alcohol, nicotine, and other unhealthy substances. Taking these substances can lead to many symptoms. These include unable to think correctly, cannot remember things, and unable to speak clearly. They steal and keep secrets from their close ones. Those addicted cannot sleep; they become happy and sad quickly. They stop doing the activities that they liked doing. They are not aware of their surroundings. Taking these dangerous substances can cause many health problems such as vomiting, unable to breathe, brain, and lung damage. It also affects their family, friends, and work.
Drug addiction is life-threatening. However, people with this addiction can be treated and helped with therapy, counseling, and taking medicines along with rehab centers. They do follow-ups to ensure that they never retake these drugs. They must have their family and friends to support them as they recover.
10 lines About Drug Addiction Essay in English
- Drug addiction refers to taking harmful substances that affect a person’s brain functions and behavior. It involves taking legal and illegal drugs, and the person is unable to stop using them. It is also referred to as substance- use disorders
- Harmful drugs include alcohol, cocaine, heroin, opioids, painkillers, nicotine, etc.
- The harmful drugs cause an excessive release of dopamine or the happy hormone, which causes the person to take more.
- Drug addiction can affect mental cognition, including decision making, judgments, and memory. It also causes speech problems.
- It can cause anxiety paranoia and increased blood pressure. They have erratic sleep patterns and isolate themselves. It causes problems in their personal and professional relationships.
- Those addicted become moody, hyperactive, and hallucinate. They also engage in reckless activities.
- They experience withdrawal symptoms when they try to stop using substances. These include nausea, fatigue, and tremors.
- It can have many effects on the body, such as brain damage, seizures, liver and kidney damage, respiratory and lung issues.
- Treatment is available. It includes behavioral therapy, medication, rehabilitation, as well as a follow-up to prevent relapse.
- The United Nations celebrates International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking on the 26th of June.
Frequently Asked Questions on Drug Addiction Essay
Question 1. What is drug addiction?
Answer: Drug addiction, also known as substance – use disorder, refers to the dangerous and excessive intake of legal and illegal drugs. This leads to many behavioral changes in the person as well as affects brain functions.
Question 2. Why does drug addiction occur?
Answer: People become addicted to these drugs because they want to feel happier. The drugs cause a chemical called dopamine, which induces happiness to be released. The brain starts to increase dopamine levels, and thus the person becomes addicted to the drug to match the increasing levels.
Question 3. What is the difference between dependence and addiction?
Answer: Dependence and addiction vary. While dependence is an intense craving for the drug by the body, addiction also refers to the changes in behavior and bodily functions due to repeated use of the drug, which has severe consequences.
Question 4. Can we treat drug addiction?
Answer: Yes, drug addiction can be treated. The various treatment methods are behavioral counseling, medication, and treatment of anxiety and depression. There are rehabilitation centers available. This is followed by a check-up to prevent relapse.
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- Kashmir's drug issue worsens, even 10-yr-olds fall prey
Kashmir's drug problem worsens as even 10-year-olds fall prey to heroin abuse
A senior police officer said the heroin is coming into kashmir from pakistan and afghanistan.
- Jul 25 2021, 16:14 ist
- updated: Jul 25 2021, 17:42 ist
Children as young as 10 years old are falling prey to heroin abuse in Kashmir raising alarm bells for doctors and parents, who foresee a doomsday scenario if the problem is not nipped in the bud.
When doctors examined Shahid (name changed), a 10-year-old boy from north Kashmir at the drug de-addiction Center of SMHS Hospital in Srinagar, they were shocked to know that he was a heroin abuser.
Shahid was brought to the hospital by his father and uncle, who themselves are chronic drug abusers. The 10-year-old boy is currently on Opioid Substitution Therapy (OST), a treatment regimen that makes it possible to give up heroin and other opium derivative drugs, highly addictive and with life-threatening consequences.
Also Read | Jammu & Kashmir’s drug problem is serious
Dr Yasir Rather, a consulting psychiatrist at Government Medical College (GMC) Srinagar, says Intravenous heroin at such a young age is devastating. “The boy had seen his family (father and uncle) abuse heroin through syringes. The curiosity and availability (of heroin) made him take such a step that could cost him his life,” he told DH.
Dr Arshid Hussain, Professor of Psychiatry at IMHANS, who has been among the first doctors in Kashmir to have worked on drug addiction, said in the last few years not only the age of starting experimenting with drugs has lowered, but now deadly substances like heroin has replaced Cannabis, shoe polish, and correction fluids.
“Before 2015 there were hardly any heroin abusers in Kashmir. Cannabis, shoe polish, and correction fluids were used as drugs. Most of the addicts then had a dark past, were affected by the violence and belonged to a particular socio-economic background,” he said.
But now, Dr Hussain said, the situation has changed entirely. People are taking deadly drugs like heroin and there are educated ones as well which include government officials, students and those from well-off families.
“The number of cases of young people addicted to dangerous drugs like heroin has increased since 2018 and young boys in early teens consuming drugs is now common,” Dr Hussain added.
Also Read | Narco-terror emerges as major concern for agencies in Jammu and Kashmir
Nayeem Ahmad, a parent whose son studies in a prestigious missionary school in Srinagar, says the law-enforcing agencies every now and then confiscate a haul of heroin and claim it a “success” against “narco-terrorism.”
“But unfortunately, the menace is spreading. I am always concerned about my son as the menace has spread its tentacles deep in Kashmiri society. There is no tangible effort to nip the evil in the bud neither from civil society nor from the authorities,” he rued.
A senior police officer said that the heroin is coming into Kashmir from Pakistan and Afghanistan. “There are no labs to manufacture heroin here. All of it comes from Pakistan and Afghanistan. They (drug dealers) have a network spread from the Line of Control to the Valley, and it is spreading across India too,” he revealed.
As per J&K police data, in 2020, 36.08 kilograms of pure heroin and 49.7 kilograms of brown sugar were recovered from different parts of the Valley. In the first six months of this year, heroin worth hundreds of crores of rupees has been seized in Kashmir.
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Opiate addiction is much different than that of other substances that are abused and can cause addiction. Opiate addiction is a serious problem in our country and will become an even bigger problem in the years ahead. The persistent use of opiates and is thought to be a disorder of the central nervous system. Though opiate painkillers are prescribed by physicians, opiate addiction is an insidious medical disease. But since opiate addiction is far more than a behavior problem, treatment requires more than just therapy.
An Effective Argument Against Prescription Pill Addiction
“Addiction is a chronic and compulsive dependence on a substance such as alcohol, drugs, or nicotine” (“Addiction”). Addiction has become a significant issue across the nation and has become a very controversial topic among many. Addiction is a simple process that many don’t even see happening until it is too late. The way the human brain is structured it will do whatever it takes “to ensure that individuals will repeat behaviors necessary to survival and well-being” (“Addiction”). Addictive substances stimulate the brain to produce more dopamine and it tricks the brain to create feelings of well-being. “Without extreme amounts of dopamine, addicts feel lifeless and depressed” (“Addiction”). In his article “Many People Are Addicted to Drugs That Were Prescribed for Them in the Past,” Randy Turner
Suicide In Early Recovery
For many, this impulsiveness is what turned them to drugs or alcohol in the first place. For others, drug cravings and withdrawal symptoms decrease their sense of self-control, driving them to behave in dangerous and impulsive ways.
Substance Abuse And Cognitive Therapy Paper
Drugs and alcohol has been used for self medication. Both serve a depressant. A person may start experiencing symptoms of an undiagnosed mental illness. They may not understand what they are feeling, not know how to asses help, or being hesitant about seeing a professional. Instead of seeking for help, they turn to drugs and alcohol for relief. Drug abuse has a long history with some being accepted legally during the early days. These drugs are used in different ways from simple medication to treat illness and diseases as well as suppress other conditions that are life-style introduced. A drug is described as any other substance apart from food that by its very chemical nature affects the functioning structure of living organisms
Why Are Crutches Bad
(CDC statistics) 9% of Americans are drug users. Drug addiction begins when you use the drug to help forget about your real problems. After a while the need grows. Like I mentioned earlier, like smokers, peer pressure is very relevant to drug abuse. People grow up to watching their idols, such as their parents, famous people, or friends use drugs. Like the saying goes, “monkey see, monkey do.” As an act to imitate them they get addicted to the substance, because of the feeling. After a while people began to hate being sober (shout out Chief Keef.) Which, sadly, can lead to drug overdose. In 2016 there were 47,055 deaths caused by drug overdose. So this is a very serious situation in the
Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse
The effects of addiction on health can be devastating. Once addiction develops, the brain changes interfere with an individual’s ability to make voluntary decisions, leading to compulsive drug craving, seeking and use. 6 Drug abuse can suppress the body’s immune system and is related to risky behaviours, involving the sharing of contaminated syringe, needle or injection paraphernalia and unprotected sex. The combination greatly increases the likelihood of acquiring HIV, hepatitis and many other infectious diseases. 6 Drugs that lead to these diseases are heroin, cocaine and methamphetamine. People who abuse any of these drugs have a higher probability to the exposure of HIV, viral hepatitis and other infectious agents through contact with infected blood or body fluids 7 that results from sharing contaminated syringes or engaging in unprotected sexual contact with an infected person. Apart from that, drug abuse makes the liver works harder in order to break down the poison that ingested or absorbed into the bloodstreams and filter toxins so that the body can absorb the healthy nutrients that remain. This possibly can cause significant damage to the liver as well as liver
Cause And Effect Essay On Drug Addiction
Addiction is the reliance on a routine. There are many addictive stages. Addiction, as it comes along, becomes a way of life. The persistent use of the substance causes to the user serious physical or psychological problems and dysfunctions in major areas of his or her life. The drug user continues to use substances and the compulsive behavior despite the harmful consequences, and tries to systematically avoid responsibility and reality, while he or she tends to isolate himself/herself from others because of guilt and pain (Angres, & Bettinardi-Angres, 2008). All these characteristics led to the conclusion that drug addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use. It is considered as a brain disease because drugs change the structure of the brain, and how it works. Every drug affects different systems of the brain. For example, in the case of cocaine, as the brain is adapted in the presence of the specific drug, brain regions responsible for judgment, decision-making, learning, and memory begin to physically change, making certain behaviors “hard-wired.” In some brain regions, connections between neurons are pruned back. In others, neurons form more connections. (Martin, 2000) These brain changes can be long-lasting and can lead to the harmful behaviors seen in people who abuse drugs.
More about Essay About Drug Addiction
Related topics.
- Drug addiction
- Substance abuse
Understanding Drug Use and Addiction DrugFacts
Many people don't understand why or how other people become addicted to drugs. They may mistakenly think that those who use drugs lack moral principles or willpower and that they could stop their drug use simply by choosing to. In reality, drug addiction is a complex disease, and quitting usually takes more than good intentions or a strong will. Drugs change the brain in ways that make quitting hard, even for those who want to. Fortunately, researchers know more than ever about how drugs affect the brain and have found treatments that can help people recover from drug addiction and lead productive lives.
What Is drug addiction?
Addiction is a chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or difficult to control, despite harmful consequences. The initial decision to take drugs is voluntary for most people, but repeated drug use can lead to brain changes that challenge an addicted person’s self-control and interfere with their ability to resist intense urges to take drugs. These brain changes can be persistent, which is why drug addiction is considered a "relapsing" disease—people in recovery from drug use disorders are at increased risk for returning to drug use even after years of not taking the drug.
It's common for a person to relapse, but relapse doesn't mean that treatment doesn’t work. As with other chronic health conditions, treatment should be ongoing and should be adjusted based on how the patient responds. Treatment plans need to be reviewed often and modified to fit the patient’s changing needs.
Video: Why are Drugs So Hard to Quit?
What happens to the brain when a person takes drugs?
Most drugs affect the brain's "reward circuit," causing euphoria as well as flooding it with the chemical messenger dopamine. A properly functioning reward system motivates a person to repeat behaviors needed to thrive, such as eating and spending time with loved ones. Surges of dopamine in the reward circuit cause the reinforcement of pleasurable but unhealthy behaviors like taking drugs, leading people to repeat the behavior again and again.
As a person continues to use drugs, the brain adapts by reducing the ability of cells in the reward circuit to respond to it. This reduces the high that the person feels compared to the high they felt when first taking the drug—an effect known as tolerance. They might take more of the drug to try and achieve the same high. These brain adaptations often lead to the person becoming less and less able to derive pleasure from other things they once enjoyed, like food, sex, or social activities.
Long-term use also causes changes in other brain chemical systems and circuits as well, affecting functions that include:
- decision-making
Despite being aware of these harmful outcomes, many people who use drugs continue to take them, which is the nature of addiction.
Why do some people become addicted to drugs while others don't?
No one factor can predict if a person will become addicted to drugs. A combination of factors influences risk for addiction. The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that taking drugs can lead to addiction. For example:
- Biology . The genes that people are born with account for about half of a person's risk for addiction. Gender, ethnicity, and the presence of other mental disorders may also influence risk for drug use and addiction.
- Environment . A person’s environment includes many different influences, from family and friends to economic status and general quality of life. Factors such as peer pressure, physical and sexual abuse, early exposure to drugs, stress, and parental guidance can greatly affect a person’s likelihood of drug use and addiction.
- Development . Genetic and environmental factors interact with critical developmental stages in a person’s life to affect addiction risk. Although taking drugs at any age can lead to addiction, the earlier that drug use begins, the more likely it will progress to addiction. This is particularly problematic for teens. Because areas in their brains that control decision-making, judgment, and self-control are still developing, teens may be especially prone to risky behaviors, including trying drugs.
Can drug addiction be cured or prevented?
As with most other chronic diseases, such as diabetes, asthma, or heart disease, treatment for drug addiction generally isn’t a cure. However, addiction is treatable and can be successfully managed. People who are recovering from an addiction will be at risk for relapse for years and possibly for their whole lives. Research shows that combining addiction treatment medicines with behavioral therapy ensures the best chance of success for most patients. Treatment approaches tailored to each patient’s drug use patterns and any co-occurring medical, mental, and social problems can lead to continued recovery.
More good news is that drug use and addiction are preventable. Results from NIDA-funded research have shown that prevention programs involving families, schools, communities, and the media are effective for preventing or reducing drug use and addiction. Although personal events and cultural factors affect drug use trends, when young people view drug use as harmful, they tend to decrease their drug taking. Therefore, education and outreach are key in helping people understand the possible risks of drug use. Teachers, parents, and health care providers have crucial roles in educating young people and preventing drug use and addiction.
Points to Remember
- Drug addiction is a chronic disease characterized by drug seeking and use that is compulsive, or difficult to control, despite harmful consequences.
- Brain changes that occur over time with drug use challenge an addicted person’s self-control and interfere with their ability to resist intense urges to take drugs. This is why drug addiction is also a relapsing disease.
- Relapse is the return to drug use after an attempt to stop. Relapse indicates the need for more or different treatment.
- Most drugs affect the brain's reward circuit by flooding it with the chemical messenger dopamine. Surges of dopamine in the reward circuit cause the reinforcement of pleasurable but unhealthy activities, leading people to repeat the behavior again and again.
- Over time, the brain adjusts to the excess dopamine, which reduces the high that the person feels compared to the high they felt when first taking the drug—an effect known as tolerance. They might take more of the drug, trying to achieve the same dopamine high.
- No single factor can predict whether a person will become addicted to drugs. A combination of genetic, environmental, and developmental factors influences risk for addiction. The more risk factors a person has, the greater the chance that taking drugs can lead to addiction.
- Drug addiction is treatable and can be successfully managed.
- More good news is that drug use and addiction are preventable. Teachers, parents, and health care providers have crucial roles in educating young people and preventing drug use and addiction.
For information about understanding drug use and addiction, visit:
- www.nida.nih.gov/publications/drugs-brains-behavior-science-addiction/drug-abuse-addiction
For more information about the costs of drug abuse to the United States, visit:
- www.nida.nih.gov/related-topics/trends-statistics#costs
For more information about prevention, visit:
- www.nida.nih.gov/related-topics/prevention
For more information about treatment, visit:
- www.nida.nih.gov/related-topics/treatment
To find a publicly funded treatment center in your state, call 1-800-662-HELP or visit:
- https://findtreatment.samhsa.gov/
This publication is available for your use and may be reproduced in its entirety without permission from NIDA. Citation of the source is appreciated, using the following language: Source: National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institutes of Health; U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.
Essay on Drug Addiction in English for Children and Students
Essay on Drug Addiction: Drugs impact the body and brain adversely. Different kinds of drugs have been created to render different effects. These are all addictive and hard to leave. Drug addiction is a serious problem. It is easy to get addicted to drugs but extremely difficult to get rid of this addiction. The health issues caused by drug addiction can continue even after a person stops taking drugs.
Long and Short Essay on Drug Addiction in English
Here are long and short essay on Drug Addiction of various lengths to help you with the topic in your exam.
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These Drug Addiction essay have been written using very simple and easy language to convey the facts on Drug Addiction among people.
After going through these essays you would be able to know what Drug Addiction is, how Drug Addiction is harmful to health, what are ways to overcome Drug Addiction, impact of Drug Addiction on human behaviour, etc.
Short Essay on Drug Addiction (200 words) – Essay 1
Drug addiction is a common problem these days. Vast number of people around the world suffers from this problem. Drugs offer an instant pleasure and relief from stress. Many people begin taking drugs as an escape from their painful reality. Others take drugs just to experience how it feels.
Yet others take it just to give company to their friends so that they don’t get left out. Whatever be the reason, before a person knows, he gets addicted to drugs and it is hard to get rid of this addiction. Short-term pleasure caused by the use of drugs can lead to serious long term problems. It can cause severe health issues and behavioural changes.
Some of the symptoms of drug addiction include loss of appetite, impaired coordination, and restlessness, loss of interest in work, financial issues, and change of social circle, secretive behaviour, frequent mood swings and anxious behaviour.
Many people argue that overcoming addiction just requires will power and determination. However, this is not it. It requires much more. Drug addiction alters the brain and causes powerful cravings. Will power alone cannot help overcome this strong urge. It is essential to seek professional help and take proper medication in order to get rid of drug addiction. It can take years to overcome this addiction and the chances of a relapse cannot be ruled out completely.
Essay on Drug Addiction: Harmful for Health (300 words) – Essay 2
Introduction.
Drug addiction weakens a person’s immune system. It causes various mental and physical illnesses. The problems can be both short term and long term. The kind of drug a person consumes, how he consumes it, how much he consumes it and the period of time for which he takes it form the basis of different health problems.
Drug Addiction: Impact on Physical Health
Drug addiction can take a toll on a person’s physical health. It harms various parts of the body including brain, throat, lungs, stomach, pancreas, liver, heart and the nervous system. It can cause health problems such as nausea, heart problem, damaged liver, stroke, lung disease, weight loss and even cancer.
Drug addicts also stand a high risk of contracting AIDS. This is because they usually share needles to inject drugs. Driving or even walking on the road while you are under the influence of drugs can be risky. Such a person has a high chance of meeting with accident.
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Drug Addiction: Impact on Mental Health
Drug addiction has severe impact on a person’s brain. Drugs interfere with decision making and impact a person’s psychomotor skills. They can cause mental health issues such as depression, Alzheimer, insomnia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, conduct problems and psychosocial dysfunctions. Drug addicts have suicidal thoughts and often attempt suicide.
Drug Addiction: Effect on Unborn Babies
Addiction can put the unborn babies in high risk. Pregnant women addicted to drugs can harm the fetus. Unborn babies are likely to develop birth defects and both mental and physical abnormalities. Drug addiction can also result in premature birth. Some babies even display behavioural issues later in life. It is highly recommended to get rid of drug addiction before planning a baby.
The overall health of a person weakens immensely due to regular dose of drugs. Such a person often loses touch with the reality and becomes delusional. He is also likely to catch infections much faster due to weakened immune system.
Essay on Drug Addiction – Ways to Overcome Drug Addiction (400 words) – Essay 3
People belonging to different age groups and varied walks of life fall prey to drug addiction. While some are able to overcome this addiction with some difficulty, others get thrown in the dark world of drugs forever. One needs to be truly willing to get rid of drug addiction and put as much effort to overcome this abuse.
Risks of Drug Addiction
While anyone can develop drug addiction some people have a greater chance of developing this. Here is a look at people who are at high risk of developing drug addiction:
- Those who have suffered some heart wrenching/ traumatic experiences in life.
- who have a family history of drug addiction.
- Those who have suffered mental or physical abuse or neglect.
- Those suffering from depression and anxiety.
Get Information about Drugs: Central Drugs Standard Control Organization
Ways to overcome drug addiction.
Here are some of the ways to overcome drug addiction:
List the Reasons to Quit
As you decide to quit drug addiction, make a list of the problems you are facing due to your addiction. This can include problems at work front, problems with your spouse, kids and parents, physical and mental health issues and more. Read this list everyday as you embark on your journey to quit this hazardous habit. This will motivate you to leave it.
Enroll at a Rehabilitation Centre
This is one of the main steps to overcome drug addiction. Good rehabilitation centres have qualified and experienced professionals who know just how to deal with the addicts and help them get rid of their drug addiction. Meeting other drug addicts and seeing how hard they are trying to leave this addiction to get back to normal life can also be encouraging.
Seek Support from Friends and Family
Love and support from our near and dear ones can play an important part when it comes to getting rid of drug addiction. It can help the drug addict stay determined and motivated to leave this detestable habit. So, do not hesitate to discuss this problem with them. They will be more than willing to help you get rid of the addiction.
As you stop the consumption of drugs, you may suffer from withdrawal symptoms. Medication is required to deal with these symptoms. Medication also helps in preventing relapse. Health issues that may have been caused due to drug addiction also need to be cured. Medicines will help cure them.
Drug addiction can be extremely hard to leave. However, it is not impossible to do so. Strong determination and support from friends and family can help in getting rid of drug addiction.
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Essay on Drug Addiction: Impact of Drug Addiction on Human Behaviour (500 words) – Essay 5
Drug Addiction impacts the physical health badly. It puts the addict at the risk of incurring health problems such as cardiac arrest, stroke and abdominal pain. It also causes mental health issues such as depression, insomnia and bipolar disorder to name a few. In addition to impacting a person’s health, drug addiction also impacts the human behaviour. All kinds of drugs including cocaine, marijuana and weed, impact the brain instinct and cause mood swings that result in behavioural issues.
Common Behavioural Issues Faced by Drug Addicts
Drug addiction messes with a person’s brain function. It interferes with the way a person behaves and the kind of choices he makes.
Aggressiveness
A person who is under the influence of drugs can get highly aggressive. Drug addicts often get enraged on the smallest of things. This behaviour is not just seen when they are experiencing a high. Continual use of drugs somehow embeds aggressiveness in their personality. It is difficult to get along with such people. You need to be highly cautious around them as they can throw frequent bouts of anger and aggression.
Impaired Judgement
Drug addiction bars a person’s ability to think rationally. Drug addicts are unable to take proper decisions. Their judgement is impaired. They can no longer distinguish between what is right and what is wrong.
Impulsiveness
Drug addicts also display impulsive behaviour. They act and react without thinking much. This behaviour is usually displayed when they are feeling a high. However, they may even display impulsive behaviour when they return to their normal state. Drug addicts mostly take decisions that they regret later.
Loss of Self Control
Drug addiction takes over the addict’s brain and they lose self control. They cannot control their actions even if they wish to. Grow strong craving for drugs and it is hard to resist even though they wish to. They also cannot control their reaction to things. Drugs overpower their decisions, actions, reactions and behaviour.
Low Performance at Work
A person who grows addicted to drugs experiences a drop in performance at work/ school. He is unable to concentrate on his work and continually thinks about taking drugs. He feels lethargic and low on energy when he doesn’t get his supply. All this is a big hindrance to work.
Hallucination
It has been noted that those under the influence of drugs often hallucinate. They see things and hear noises that do not really exist. The drugs that are particularly known for causing hallucinations include Salvia, Mescaline, LSD, Psilocybin Mushrooms and Ketamine.
In an attempt to hide their drug addiction from family and friends drug addicts often grow secretive. They usually avoid spending time with their parents/ kids/ spouse. They often socialize with other drug addicts and stop hanging out with other friends. This often makes them socially awkward.
Drug addiction can cause behavioural issues that can impact a person’s personal as well as professional life negatively. It is an addiction that one must get rid of as soon as possible. A person may struggle to make positive changes in his behaviour long after he has left drug addiction.
Long Essay on Drug Addiction: The Worst Addiction (600 words) – Essay 5
Drug intake releases large amount of dopamine that puts a person in an ecstatic state. People love experiencing this happy state and wish to get here time and again which is one of the main reasons of drug addiction. Initially most people take drugs voluntarily however it soon turns out to be an addiction. Drug addiction is the worst kind of addiction. It is hard to leave and the negative repercussions it has may last even after a person gets rid of this addiction.
Types of Drugs
Drugs have broadly been categorized into three types. These are depressant, stimulants and hallucinogens. Here is a look at the impact each one of them causes on a human mind and body:
- Depressants : Depressants include cannabis, opiates, benzodiazepines and alcohol. They are known to slow down the speed of the messages going to and from the brain and thus lower the ability to take charge of a situation. When taken in small amount, depressants can make a person feel relaxed. However, when taken in large quantity, these can cause nausea, vomiting and unconsciousness.
- Stimulants : Stimulants, on the other hand, speed up the messages going to and from the brain. They have the power to boost a person’s confidence level instantly. On the downside, they can cause high blood pressure, increase heart rate and cause restlessness, agitation and insomnia. Continual use of such drugs causes panic attacks, anxiety and paranoia. Stimulants include nicotine, caffeine, cocaine and amphetamines.
- Hallucinogens : Hallucinogens include LSF, PCP, cannabis, mescaline and psilocybin. These drugs cause hallucination and distort a person’s sense of reality. When taken continually, these drugs can cause high blood pressure, nausea, paranoia and numbness.
Signs and Symptoms of Drug Addiction
A person who grows addicted to drugs is likely to show the following signs and symptoms:
- Change in appetite
- Unexpected weight gain or weight loss
- Change in sleep pattern
- Slurred speech
- Change in friend circle
- Sudden bouts of anger
- Bloodshot eyes
- Loss of interest in work
- Low performance at work/school
- Secretive behaviour
- Being lethargic, distant and disinterested
- Frequent mood swings
- Lack of motivation
- Anxious behaviour
Drug Addiction Hampers Professional Life
Drug addiction has an adverse impact on a person’s brain. People lose their self control. They become so addicted to drugs that all they can think about is consuming them. This is the only thing that interests them. They are unable to concentrate on work and lose interest in it. Even if they try to work they feel lethargic and withdrawn.
Drugs have an impact on their cognitive skills, analytical skills and decision making power. This impacts their professional life adversely. Drug addicts also display irrational behaviour. They grow aggressive, develop impaired judgement and become impulsive. Such behaviour is unacceptable in an office setting. It puts them in a bad light and bars the chances of professional growth.
Drug Addiction Ruins Personal Relationships
A person addicted to drugs loves the company of those who take drugs and tries to spend most of his time with them. He is no longer interested in his family and friends. Often distances himself from them. He becomes irritable and aggressive. This leads to frequent arguments and quarrels which disturb his family life as well as his equation with his friends. A person addicted to drugs does not only spoil his own life but also of those around him.
Drugs can overpower a person’s ability to think and act. They can lead to several health hazards, behavioural problems and relationship issues. The safest bet is to stay away from drugs. People who get addicted to drugs have little chance to leave this addiction. They end up ruining their life and also cause a lot of suffering to their loved ones.
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Related content
Drug Addiction Essay
In this Drug Addiction Essay , we had described drug addiction, its adverse effects; different types of drugs that are produced has different effects.
All these addictions are difficult to quit and has severe problem , health issues caused by drug addiction can persist even after a person has taken drugs.
In this article ‘ Essay on Drug Addiction ‘, we had provided the various essays in different word limits, which you can use as per your need:
Essay on Drug Addiction 200 words:
Drugs are a common problem this day, a large number of people worldwide suffer from this problem.
Drugs provide instant pleasure and stress relief; many people start taking drugs as an escape from their painful reality.
Few Peoples take drugs to experience how it feels or to give company to their friends before a person knows, it becomes addicted to drugs for him and it is difficult to get rid of this addiction.
Short-term enjoyment from the drugs can lead to serious long-term problems; this can cause serious health issues and behaviour changes.
Some of the symptoms of drug addiction include loss of appetite, impaired coordination and restlessness, lack of interest in work, financial issues and change of social cycle, covert behaviour, repeated mood swings and anxious behaviour.
Many argue that overcoming addiction simply requires willpower and determination; however, this is not the case, and it requires a lot.
To get rid of drug addiction, it is necessary to seek professional help and take appropriate medication.
This addiction can take years to overcome, and the possibility of relapse cannot be completely ruled out.
Drug Addiction Essay 300 words:
Intoxication weakens a person’s immune system; it causes various mental and physical illnesses; this problem can be short term or long term.
The kind of medicine a person consumes, how much he destroys it and the duration by which he takes it becomes the basis of various health problems.
Effect on Physical Health:
Drugs can affect a person’s physical health; it irritates various parts of the body, including the brain, throat, lungs, stomach, pancreas, liver, heart and nervous system.
It can cause health problems such as sickness, heart problems, damaged liver, stroke, lung disease, weight loss and even cancer.
There is a high risk of contracting AIDS by drug addicts because they usually share needles to inject drugs.
Driving under the influence of drugs or walking on the road can be risky because an accident is more likely to happen to such a person.
Effects on Mental Health:
Drugs have a severe effect on a person’s brain. Drugs delay decision making and affect a person’s psychosocial skills.
They can cause mental health issues such as depression, Alzheimer’s, insomnia, bipolar disorder, anxiety, conduct problems and psychosocial dysfunction.
Drug users have suicidal thoughts and often attempt suicide.
Effects on Unborn Babies:
Drug addiction can put unborn children at high risk. Pregnant women addicted to alcohol can harm the fetus.
Unborn babies are more likely to develop inherited disabilities and abnormal mental and physical abnormalities.
Intoxication can also lead to premature birth; some children also exhibit behavioural issues later in life.
Getting rid of drug addiction is highly recommended before planning a child.
Conclusion:
A person’s overall health becomes fragile due to regular doses of medicines; such a person often loses touch with reality and becomes confused.
Due to a nervous, immune system, he can catch infection very fast.
Essay on Drug Addiction 400 words:
People belonging to different age groups and from different walks of life are victims of intoxication.
While some can overcome this addiction with some difficulty, others are terrified into the dark world of drugs forever.
A person needs to be prepared to try as much as possible to get rid of drug addiction and to overcome this abuse.
Drug Addiction Risks:
While anyone can develop a drug addiction, some people are more likely to create it. Here’s a look at those who are at high risk of developing drug addiction:
People have had some heartbreaking/ painful experiences in life.
Those who have a family history of intoxication; also, suffers mental or physical abuse or neglect.
Those are suffering from depression and anxiety.
Ways to Overcome Drug Addiction:
Here are some ways to overcome addiction:
- Enrol in a rehabilitation centre.
- This is one of the main steps to overcome drug addiction.
- Good rehabilitation centres have qualified and experienced professionals who know how to deal with addicts and help them get rid of drug addiction.
- Meeting other drug addictions and seeing how hard they are trying to quit this addiction to regain a healthy life can also be encouraging.
- Seek help from friends and family
- Love and support from your near and dear ones can play an important role when it comes to getting rid of drug addiction.
- This can help determine dependency and may prompt you to give up this disgusting habit.
- Therefore, do not hesitate to discuss this problem with them; they will be more than willing to help you get rid of addiction.
As you stop the consumption of drugs, you may suffer from symptoms & medication is required to deal with these symptoms, it also helps prevent relapse.
Health issues caused by drug addiction also need to be corrected & medications will help cure them.
It can be challenging to give up the addiction; however, this is not impossible to do.
Strong determination and support from friends and family can help relieve addiction.
Drug Addiction Essay 500 words:
Intoxication affects physical health severely; this puts the addict at risk of health problems such as cardiac arrest, stroke and abdominal pain.
It also causes mental health issues such as depression, insomnia and bipolar disorder, etc.
Apart from affecting a person’s health, intoxication also affects human behaviour.
All types of drugs, including cocaine, marijuana, and weed, affect the brain’s instinct and cause mood swings, resulting in behavioural problems.
Common behavioural issues faced by drug addicts:
Intoxication falters with a person’s brain function; it interferes with the way a person behaves and the kind of choices they make.
Aggression:
A person who is under the influence of drugs can be highly aggressive. Drug addicts often get angry over trivial matters.
This behaviour is not seen only when they are experiencing high; the frequent use of drugs someway communicates aggression in their personality.
It is difficult to get along with such people; you need to be extremely vigilant around them as they can throw up frequent bouts of anger and aggression.
Poor judgment:
Drug addiction bars a person’s ability to reason; they are unable to make appropriate decisions.
They can no longer distinguish between what is right and what is wrong.
Drug users also display impulsive behaviour; they act and react without much thought. This behaviour is usually displayed when they are feeling high.
However, they may also exhibit impulsive behaviour when they return to their normal state.
Drug addicts mostly make decisions they later regret.
Loss of self-control:
Drug addiction dominates the minds of addicts, and they lose self-control.
They have an intense craving for drugs and are difficult to resist even if they want to.
Drugs dominate their decisions, actions, reactions and behaviour.
Low performance in work:
A person who is addicted to narcotics experiences a decline in performance at work/school.
He is unable to concentrate on his work and continually thinks about taking drugs.
When he does not get his supplies, he feels sluggish and low on energy; all this is a significant obstacle to work.
It has been noted that people under the influence of drugs often have hallucinations; they see things and hear noises that don’t exist.
Medications specifically known for hallucinations include salvia, mescaline, LSD, psilocybin mushrooms, and ketamine.
Venereal disease:
Trying to conceal your drug addiction from family and friends’ drug addicts often leads to underlying conditions.
They usually avoid spending time with their parents/children/spouse.
They often socialize with other drug addicts and stop hanging out with other friends; this often makes them socially awkward.
Drug addiction can cause behavioural problems that can negatively affect a person’s personal as well as professional life.
It is an addiction that the person should get rid of as soon as possible.
A person may struggle to make positive changes in his behaviour long after he has given up his intoxication.
Essay on Drug Addiction 600 words:
Large amounts of dopamine are released from the use of drugs, which puts a person in ecstasy.
People like to experience this blissful state and desire to come here again and again, which is one of the leading causes of intoxication.
Initially, most people take drugs voluntarily, but it soon becomes an addiction & it is the worst type of addiction.
It is difficult to quit and can also have negative consequences after a person gets rid of this addiction.
Drugs Type:
They are classified into three types.
Depressants: It includes cannabis, opiates, benzodiazepines, and alcohol.
They are known to slow the speed of messages going to and from the brain and thus reduce the ability to handle a situation.
When taken in small amounts, depression can make a person feel relaxed; however, when taken in large numbers, they can cause nausea, vomiting and fainting.
Stimulants: Stimulants, on the other hand, speed up messages going to and from the brain.
They have the power to boost a person’s confidence level immediately.
On the downside, they can cause high blood pressure, increase heart rate and cause restlessness, agitation and insomnia.
Frequent use of such drugs leads to panic attacks, anxiety and paranoia, stimulants include nicotine, caffeine, cocaine, and amphetamine.
Hallucinogen: Hallucinogen contains mescaline and psilocybin. These drugs cause hallucinations and distort the reality of a person.
When taken continuously, these medicines can cause high blood pressure, nausea, paranoia and numbness.
Signs and Symptoms of Drug Addiction:
A person who is addicted to drugs is likely to show the following signs and symptoms:
- Change in appetite.
- Unexpected weight gain or weight loss.
- Change in sleep pattern.
- Slurred speech.
- Switch to the circle of friends.
- Suddenly angry.
- Bloodshot eyes.
- Lack of interest in work.
- Underperformance at work/school.
- Dishonest behaviour.
- Feeling of dullness, distant and apathetic.
- Frequent mood swings.
- Lack of motivation.
- Disgusting behaviour.
- Drug addiction impacts professional life.
Drugs have adverse effects on a person’s brain; People lose their self-control; they become so addicted to drugs that everyone thinking about them is eating them.
They are unable to concentrate on work and lose interest in it; even if they try to work, they feel tired and withdraw.
Drugs have an impact on their cognitive skills, analytical skills, and decision-making power & adversely affects their professional lives.
Drug addicts also exhibit irrational behaviour; they become aggressive, develop impaired judgment and grow impulsive.
Such behaviour is unacceptable in an office setting & puts them in a bad light and prevents the possibility of professional development.
Drug Addiction Affects Personal Relationship:
A drug addict loves the company of drug users and tries to spend most of his time with them; he is no longer interested in his family and friends.
This often leads to arguments and quarrels that spoil their family life as well as their equation with their friends.
A drug addict spoils not only his life but also peoples around him.
Also, read 1. Terr orism Essay 2. Corruption in India 3. Child labour Essay 4. Blood donation Essay
In this Drug Addiction Essay, we had described the Drugs can strengthen a person’s ability to think and act; it can rise to many health hazards, behavioural problems and relationship issues.
The safest way is to stay away from drugs; people who are addicted to drugs have little chance of quitting the addiction.
It ruins their lives and causes deep sorrow to their loved ones.
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Home — Essay Samples — Nursing & Health — Drug Abuse — Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse
Causes and Effects of Drug Abuse
- Subject: Nursing & Health
- Category: Addictions , Public Health Issues , Medical Practice & Treatment
- Essay Topic: Drug Addiction , Drugs
- Words: 2063
- Published: 10 February 2022
- Downloads: 86
- A reduced and weakened immune system, the chance of illness and infection got increased.
- Heart attacks from abnormal heart rates, collapsed veins and blood vessel infections from injected drugs.
- Nausea and abdominal pain can also cause changes in appetite and weight loss.
- Increased strain on the liver, this will expose this person to the risk of serious liver injury or liver failure.
- Seizures, stroke, mental confusion and brain damage.
- Lung disease.
- Problems with memory, attention and decision making, which make daily life more difficult.
- Global effects of drugs on the body, such as breast development in men and increases in body temperature, which can lead to other health problems.
- Family influence.
- Show off they are rich.
- Wrong friend making.
- Innocent of the dangerous of drug.
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15 Years After Raping, Murdering Minor, Killer Gets Lifer
SRINAGAR: Srinagar drunkard, who kidnapped, raped and brutally murdered a minor in 2007 was today awarded life imprisonment. The sentence is to be confirmed by the High Court.
“I award life imprisonment to the convict Zahoor Ahmad Sheikh S/o Abdul Rashid Sheikh R/o Akhrajpora Rajbagh Srinagar for the commission of the offence under section 302 RPC,” the judgement delivered by Renu Dogra Gupta, the Second Additional Session Judge, reads. “Further the convict is sentenced to rigorous imprisonment of 7 years for offence punishable under Section 363 RPC and also sentenced to rigorous imprisonment for 10 years for the offence punishable under Sections 376 RPC. The sentences shall run concurrently.”
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The accused was convicted by the court on March 10, 2023, in an offence involving the kidnapping of a minor girl – the daughter of his cousin, and later murdering her brutally after rape in a deserted migrant house in the Ikhrajpora area.
The court observed that the case does not fall in the rarest of the rare cases but is “almost on the border of the rarest of rare case”. The prosecution was seeking a death penalty but the amicus curie, appointed by the court, pleaded for a lenient view while imposing the sentence. His plea was that the case was decided on circumstantial evidence and not direct evidence.
Convict Zahoor, who was 21 at the time of the commission of the heinous offence, is 37 now. For all these years he has been in judicial custody.
The shocking case was reported on August 23, 2007, when the father of the Ikhrajpora girl reported to police that his daughter is missing. Her body was recovered a day later from a deserted migrant house in the same locality.
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SRINAGAR: Srinagar drunkard, who kidnapped, raped and brutally murdered a minor in 2007 was today awarded life imprisonment.The sentence is to be confirmed by the High Court. "I award life imprisonment to the convict Zahoor Ahmad Sheikh S/o Abdul Rashid Sheikh R/o Akhrajpora Rajbagh Srinagar for the commission of the offence under section 302 RPC," the judgement delivered by Renu Dogra ...